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Alpine Fault
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== Geographic extent and plate motion == [[File:MarlboroughFaultSystem.png|thumb|310px|Map of the northern end of the Alpine Fault and Marlborough Fault System.|alt=map [[Marlborough fault system]]]] The Pacific plate and Indo-Australian plate boundary forms the [[Macquarie Fault Zone]] in the [[Puysegur Trench]] off the southwestern corner of the South Island and comes onshore as the Alpine Fault just north of Milford Sound. The Alpine Fault then runs the length of the South Island just west of the Southern Alps to near [[Lewis Pass]] in the central northern section of the island. At this point, it splits into a set of smaller faults known as the [[Marlborough fault system]]. This set of faults, which includes the [[Wairau Fault]], the [[Hope Fault]], the [[Awatere Fault]], and the [[Clarence Fault]], transfer displacement between the Alpine Fault and the [[Hikurangi Trough|Hikurangi subduction zone]] to the north. The Hope Fault is thought to represent the primary continuation of the Alpine Fault.<ref name="Zachariasen">{{cite journal|last1=Zachariasen|first1=J.|last2=Berryman|first2=K.|last3=Langridge|first3=R.|last4=Prentice|first4=C.|last5=Rymer|first5=M.|last6=Stirling|first6=M.|last7=Villamor|first7=P.|year=2006|title=Timing of late Holocene surface rupture of the Wairau Fault, Marlborough, New Zealand|journal=New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics|volume=49|issue=1 |pages=159β174|doi=10.1080/00288306.2006.9515156|bibcode=2006NZJGG..49..159Z |doi-access=free}}</ref>
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