Editing Amrum (section)

== Geography ==
[[File:Oomram-Amrum.png|thumb|left|Map of Amrum (North Frisian, German and Danish place names)]]
[[File:amrum.beach2.jpg|thumb|left|The ''Kniepsand'' beach]]
[[File:Amrum lighthouse.jpg|thumb|left|Amrum lighthouse]]
Amrum's area measures 20.4&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>,<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o2Eu9weXR2gC&q=Amrum+Fl%C3%A4che+km2&pg=PA24 |title=Neues Universallexikon in Farbe |trans-title=New Coloured Universal Encyclopedia |page=24 |language=de |editor-first=Angela |editor-last=Sendlinger |publisher=[[Circon Verlag|Compact Verlag]] |year=2008 |isbn=978-3-8174-6638-2}}</ref> making it the tenth-largest island of Germany (excluding [[Usedom]] which is partly Polish territory).<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.destatis.de/DE/Publikationen/StatistischesJahrbuch/GesellschaftundStaat/GeoKlima.pdf?__blob=publicationFile |title=Statistisches Jahrbuch 2012 - Gesellschaft und Staat |trans-title=2012 Statistical Yearbook – Society and State |language=de |chapter=Geografie und Klima |trans-chapter=Geography and Climate |page=17 |publisher=[[Federal Statistical Office of Germany]]}}</ref> Including the large Kniepsand beach on the western shore to the surface area results in a total area of c. 30&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name="SH Development">{{cite web|url=http://www.schleswig-holstein.de/KuestenSchutz/DE/01_Amrum/00_Einleitung/02_Entwicklung/ein_node.html |title=Entwicklung der Insel Amrum |trans-title=Development of Amrum Island |language=de |publisher=Government of Schleswig-Holstein |access-date=17 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224213707/http://www.schleswig-holstein.de/KuestenSchutz/DE/01_Amrum/00_Einleitung/02_Entwicklung/ein_node.html |archive-date=24 December 2013 }}</ref> Amrum's surface area has however been subject to constant change due to land loss and gain caused by the sea. During the 19th century, a 20th part of the area recorded in the beginning of the century had been lost, but in 1913, a net gain was again recorded at the Kniepsand.<ref>{{cite book|title=Die Insel Amrum |trans-title=Amrum Island |first=August |last=Krause |year=2012 |orig-year=1913 |language=de |publisher=Dogma |page=7 |isbn=978-3-9550-7224-7}}</ref>

Amrum is one of three isles with a [[geest (topography)|geestland]] core in Nordfriesland.<ref>{{cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mfo5TPb7SDsC&q=Amrum&pg=PA645| title=Encyclopedia of the World's Coastal Landforms |volume=1 |editor-first=Eric C. |editor-last=Bird |chapter=Germany |first1=Klaus |last1=Schwarzer |first2=Horst |last2=Sterr |page=645 |publisher=[[Springer Publishing|Springer]] |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-4020-8638-0}}</ref> This sandy core is made up of glacial deposits from the Saalian [[glacial period]].<ref name="SH Development"/> To the east, it borders to the Wadden Sea [[mudflats]] of the North Sea. The east side is also where the island's historic hamlets are situated: [[Norddorf]], [[Nebel, Germany|Nebel]], Süddorf and Steenodde. On the geestland core, one can find extended areas of heath and woodland which form a strip that runs along a north-south line on the axis. West of this woodland strip, a region of {{convert|838|ha}} is covered with [[dune]]s<ref name="AFA Zahlen">{{cite web|url=http://www.amt-foehr-amrum.de/f_portr.htm|title=Zahlen, Daten, Fakten|publisher=[[Föhr-Amrum|Amt Föhr-Amrum]]|language=de|year=2011|access-date=16 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121129062035/http://www.amt-foehr-amrum.de/f_portr.htm|archive-date=29 November 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> that run all along the island for about 12&nbsp;km. The maximal width of this area amounts to more than a kilometre. Amrum's tallest dune near Norddorf is called ''a Siatler'' (the settling dune); it reaches 32 m in height.<ref name="AFA Zahlen"/> Northward, the dune area extends into a small peninsula called ''Odde''. In the south of Amrum, the newest settlement, [[Wittdün]], is located. West of the dunes, the entire shore of Amrum is made up of the ''Kniepsand'' beach; it counts among northern [[Europe]]'s largest sand beaches. North of Norddorf there is some [[marshland]], another small marsh area can be found between Süddorf and Steenodde.<ref name="SH Development"/> Both of them are protected from the sea by [[Levee|dikes]]. During low [[tide]] it is possible to reach the neighbouring island of Föhr by [[mudflat hiking]].

Amrum's population amounts to about 2,300 and the island is divided into three municipalities: Norddorf, Nebel and Wittdün. All are within the ''Amt'' [[Föhr-Amrum]].<ref name="AFA Zahlen"/>

===Villages===
[[File:Amrumer Windmühle (2018).jpg|thumb|Amrum wind mill (2018)]]
The northernmost settlement is the [[seaside resort]] of Norddorf with a [[decoy]] pond and a [[sector light]]. Amrum's largest village, Nebel, is located near the eastern coastline. Notable sights there include the church of St. Clement with its [[Talking Gravestones of Amrum|"talking gravestones"]], the ''Öömrang Hüs'' - a museum of local history, a [[wind mill]] and the Cemetery of the Homeless. Süddorf, today a district of Nebel, is the island's oldest hamlet. The [[Amrum Lighthouse]] is located there. Steenodde, also a neighbourhood of Nebel, had long been Amrum's only port until Wittdün, founded 1890, had taken over as the island's major ferry terminal. Of the three municipalities, Wittdün is most clearly influenced by tourism.