Editing Ananke (section)

== Etymology ==
"Ananke" is derived from the common [[Ancient Greek]] noun {{lang|grc|[[wikt:ἀνάγκη|ἀνάγκη]]}} ([[Ionic Greek|Ionic]]: {{lang|grc|ἀναγκαίη}} {{lang|grc-Latn|anankaiē}}), meaning "force, constraint or necessity." The common noun itself is of uncertain [[etymology]].<ref>[[Robert S. P. Beekes|Beekes, R. S. P.]] (2009). ''Etymological Dictionary of Greek'', p.&nbsp;97. Brill.</ref> [[Homer]] refers to her being as necessity, often abstracted in modern translation ({{lang|grc|ἀναγκαίη πολεμίζειν}}, "it is necessary to fight") or force ({{lang|grc|ἐξ ἀνάγκης}}, "by force").<ref>''[[Iliad]]'' 4.300, ''[[Odyssey]]'' 4.557: [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dα%29na%2Fgkh Lidell, Scott: ''A Greek English Lexicon'': ἀνάγκη]</ref> In [[Ancient Greek literature]] the word is also used meaning "fate" or "[[destiny]]" ({{lang|grc|ἀνάγκη δαιμόνων}}, "fate by the [[Daimon|daemons]] or by the gods"), and by extension "compulsion or torture by a superior."<ref>E.Ph.1000, [[Xenophon]], ''[[Hiero (Xenophon)|Hiero]]'' 9.4</ref> She appears often in poetry, as [[Simonides]] does: "Even the gods don't fight against ''ananke''".<ref name="Bowra61">[[Simonides]] Fr. 4.20 Diehl: [[Maurice Bowra|C. M. Bowra]] (1958), ''The Greek Experience''. W. P. Publishing company, Cleveland and New York, p. 61</ref>

The pre-modern is carried over and translated (by reduction) into a more modern philosophical sense as "necessity", "logical necessity",<ref>[[Aristotle]], ''[[Metaphysics (Aristotle)|Metaph.]]''1026.b28, 1064.b33: [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dα%29na%2Fgkh Lidell, Scott: ''A Greek English Lexicon'': ἀνάγκη]</ref> or "laws of nature".<ref>[[Xenophon]], ''[[Memorabilia (Xenophon)|Memorabilia]]'' 1.11.1: [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dα%29na%2Fgkh Lidell, Scott: ''A Greek English Lexicon'': ἀνάγκη]</ref>