Editing Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe (section)

==History==
===Background and formation===
In 1983, singer [[Jon Anderson]] returned to [[Yes (band)|Yes]] to record lead vocals on their 1983 studio album ''[[90125]]'', which saw Yes adopt a musical direction that was more commercial and pop-oriented. The line-up during this time included bassist [[Chris Squire]], drummer [[Alan White (Yes drummer)|Alan White]], keyboardist [[Tony Kaye (musician)|Tony Kaye]], and guitarist [[Trevor Rabin]], who wrote the majority of ''90125''. The release of ''90125'' saw Yes reach their greatest commercial success. It was followed by their 1987 album ''[[Big Generator]]'', also a significant commercial success.

In September 1988, Anderson left Yes citing his growing dissatisfaction with the band's commercial direction. He had also felt sidelined from the creative process due to the machinations of other band members and producer [[Trevor Horn]].<ref>[https://www.ultimate-guitar.com/news/general_music_news/jon_anderson_talks_big_mistake_yes_made_at_height_of_success_shares_opinion_on_current_lineup__playing_with_rushs_geddy_lee.html 'Jon Anderson Talks 'Big Mistake' Yes Made at Height of Success, Shares Opinion on Current Lineup & Playing With Rush's Geddy Lee'] - article in ''Ultimate Guitar'' by jomatami, 8 September 2020</ref> Anderson spent his summer on the Greek island of [[Hydra (island)|Hydra]] writing songs with [[Vangelis]],<ref name="tourbook">{{Cite book|year=1989|title=Anderson, Bruford, Wakeman, Howe: "An Evening of 'Yes' Music, Plus..." tour programme|page=28|publisher=Hill Shorter Limited}}</ref> where he first came up with the idea of making music with other members of the [[List of Yes band members|1971–72 Yes line-up]] of guitarist [[Steve Howe (guitarist)|Steve Howe]], keyboardist [[Rick Wakeman]], and drummer [[Bill Bruford]]. The only missing member from that line-up was Chris Squire, who remained in the then-current version of Yes.

=== Studio album ===
[[File:AIR Studio ruins Montserrat May 2013.jpg|thumb|right|The remains of AIR Studios in Montserrat in 2013.]]
On his return trip from Hydra, Anderson met Howe in London who presented him with his musical ideas including the chorus of "Brother of Mine"<ref name="tourbook"/> and "Birthright". Five weeks were spent producing demo tracks at La Frette Studios in [[Paris]]. Anderson asked musician [[Milton McDonald]] to help with the project and play additional guitars.<ref name="tourbook"/> Bruford recalled meeting Anderson, Howe, Wakeman, and former Yes manager [[Brian Lane (manager)|Brian Lane]], at the airport in London. He said, "Oh, we're in trouble here. This obviously meant it was some sort of Yes project ... I thought I was just going to put some drums on a Jon Anderson solo record".<ref name=welch225/>

Recording moved to [[AIR Montserrat|AIR Studios]] on the island of [[Montserrat]] for six weeks.<ref name="tourbook"/> Bruford saw the recording location as "a deal clincher".<ref name=bruford120>Bruford 2009, p. 120.</ref> It was there when Bruford suggested to have his [[King Crimson]] bandmate [[Tony Levin]] play bass on the album.<ref name="tourbook"/> Bruford noticed Anderson being "on strong form ... he conducted proceedings without fear of let or hindrance" from the problematic times recording with Yes.<ref name=bruford120/> When recording was complete, Anderson supervised the album's mixing sessions at [[Bearsville Studios]] with mixing engineers [[Steve Thompson (musician)|Steve Thompson]] and [[Michael Barbiero]].<ref name="tourbook"/>

''[[Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe (album)|Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe]]'' was released on 20 June 1989 through [[Arista Records]], using catalog number AL85-''90126''. The album peaked at number 14 in the UK<ref>[http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/anderson%20bruford%20wakeman%20howe/ ANDERSON BRUFORD WAKEMAN HOWE]. officialchartscompany.com. Accessed from 19 July 2013.</ref> and number 30 in the US.<ref name = "Billboard awards">{{cite web
| url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/anderson-bruford-wakeman-howe-mn0000020511/awards| title= Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe - Awards| work=[[Allmusic]]| publisher=[[Rovi Corporation]]| access-date=19 July 2013}}</ref> It went on to reach the top 30 in Canada,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?&file_num=nlc008388.6410&type=1&interval=20&PHPSESSID=5il5rupc8mj4d7oljtoaq3tcv7| title=Top Albums/CDs - Volume 50, No. 16, August 14, 1989| publisher=[[Library and Archives Canada]]| access-date=19 July 2013}}</ref> Switzerland,<ref>[http://hitparade.ch/search.asp?search=Anderson%20Bruford&cat=a Swiss Top 100 Album Charts: Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140909081429/http://hitparade.ch/search.asp?search=Anderson%20Bruford&cat=a |date=9 September 2014 }} (in German). hitparade.ch. Accessed from 19 July 2013.</ref> Germany,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140908205846/http://www.officialcharts.de/suche.asp?search=Anderson+Bruford+Wakeman+Howe&x=0&y=0&country=de German Top 100 Album Charts: Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe]. charts.de. Accessed from 19 July 2013.</ref> France,<ref>{{cite web| url=http://dutchcharts.nl/search.asp?search=ANDERSON+%2F+BRUFORD+%2F+WAKEMAN+%2F+HOWE+&cat=a| title=Dutch Top 100 Album Charts: Anderson / Bruford / Wakeman / Howe
| publisher=dutchcharts.nl| access-date=19 July 2013}}</ref> Norway,<ref>{{cite web| url=http://norwegiancharts.com/search.asp?search=ANDERSON+%2F+BRUFORD+%2F+WAKEMAN+%2F+HOWE+&cat=a| title=VG-Lista - Norwegian Album Charts: Anderson / Bruford / Wakeman / Howe| language=nl| publisher=norwegiancharts.com| access-date=17 July 2013}}</ref> and Sweden.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://swedishcharts.com/search.asp?search=ANDERSON+%2F+BRUFORD+%2F+WAKEMAN+%2F+HOWE+&cat=a| title=Swedish Top 60 Album Charts: Anderson / Bruford / Wakeman / Howe
| publisher=swedishcharts.com| access-date=17 July 2013}}</ref> The album sold 750,000 copies.<ref>Welch 2008, p. 227.</ref>

=== Lawsuit and tour ===
On 31 May 1989, weeks before the release of their album and tour, the group were subject to a suit filed by Yes that wished to prevent Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe from mentioning the name "Yes" in their promotional material, suggesting or calling attention to Yes music, which they argued may cause "confusion in the minds of the public over which group is the real Yes", and prohibiting Anderson from speaking of his former membership in Yes.<ref name=welch224>Welch 2008, p. 224.</ref> The suit was based on a separation agreement entered into by each past and present member of Yes in May 1984 that specified who was entitled to use the Yes name; any "withdrawing partner" from the group could no longer use the name or mention they were in the band before, after a specified date. Yes argued that Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe had "wrongfully converted" the Yes name in an advertisement for ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' that promoted their upcoming concert as "an evening of Yes music plus".<ref name=welch224/> Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe filed a response on 5 June; their attorneys called Yes's suit "an outrageous attempt ... to stop the media and public from comparing ABWH's new recording with theirs".<ref name=welch224/> According to former Yes tour co-ordinator Jim Halley, "the European promoters began splashing the name Yes all over the posters ... in the end they came to an accommodation".<ref name=welch225>Welch 2008, p. 225.</ref> Anderson stressed, "''we'' never said we were Yes. It was the record company."<ref name=welch225/> In June 1989, a U.S District Court judge ruled that ABWH could refer to its Yes heritage and material in promoting their tour.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Music/Billboard-Index/IDX/1991/1991-03-16-Billboard-Page-0075.pdf|title=Reunited band members say Yes to album, tour|first=Thom|last=Duffy|magazine=Billboard|date=16 March 1991|page=4, 79|access-date=27 September 2021}}</ref>

ABWH named the tour An Evening of Yes Music, Plus.<ref name="Allmusic">{{cite web |url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p3547|pure_url=yes}} |title=Allmusic.com – Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe |access-date=14 November 2008|author=William Ruhlmann |website=Allmusic}}</ref> Rehearsals took place at Nomis Studios in London.<ref name=SOS90>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.muzines.co.uk/articles/keyboard-life/5828|title=Keyboard Life|first=Julian|last=Colbeck|date=June 1990|magazine=Sound on Sound|via=Muzines|access-date=21 February 2019}}</ref>

=== Cancelled second album, merger with Yes and ''Union'' ===
ABWH and Yes produced a Yes album titled ''[[Union (Yes album)|Union]]''.<ref name="Allmusic" /> The album includes recordings originally intended for separate albums by both groups. Several songs originally intended for the second ABWH album, tentatively titled ''Dialogue'', surfaced on the 1990s bootleg ''We Make Believe'' and the underground ''[[Yesoteric]]'' bootleg compilation. This material included demos by Anderson but without the other three that were subsequently released as part of [[Jon Anderson]]'s ''The Lost Tapes'' box set series as ''Watching the Flags That Fly''.

Songs from the ''ABWH'' album have been included on subsequent Yes compilations and Yes concerts.