Editing Anglo (section)

==Specialized usage==

===Africa===
{{See also|British diaspora in Africa}}
The term ''Anglo-African'' has been used historically to [[Identity (social science)|self-identify]] by people of mixed [[British people|British]] and African ancestry born in the [[United States]] and in [[Africa]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Moses|first=Wilson Jeremiah|title=The Golden Age of Black Nationalism, 1850–1925|year=1988|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York|isbn=0-19-520639-8|page=32|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xnZQhKB5_f8C|quote=A startling feature in the rhetoric of black institutional leadership on the eve of the Civil War was the popularity of the term, 'Anglo-African.' ... By 1900, 'Anglo-African' had been replaced by 'Afro-American' and such variants as 'Euro-African', and 'Negro-Saxon'.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Rogers|first=Joel Augustus|title=World's Great Men of Color |volume=2 |year=1996|publisher=Touchstone |location=New York |isbn=9780684815824 |page=148 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uTiEe2g56d4C |quote=The festival was to be given at Gloucester with Coleridge-Taylor himself conducting the three choirs. As it was advertised that the conductor was an Anglo-African, the audience expected a white man. What was its surprise to see instead a dark-skinned Negro, quick-moving, slight of build, with an enormous head of high, thick, frizzly hair, broad nostrils, flashing white teeth, and a winning smile.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor=Mohamed Adhikari|last=Lee|first=Christopher J|title=Burdened by race : Coloured identities in southern Africa|chapter='A generous dream, but difficult to realize': the making of the Anglo-African community of Nyasaland, 1929–1940|year=2009|publisher=UCT Press|location=Cape Town|isbn=978-1-91989-514-7|page=209|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_wcVFSyt7mgC|quote=Because the area had only been colonised in the 1890s, the Anglo-African community of Nyasaland during the 1930s, for the most part, consisted of first-generation persons of 'mixed' racial descent. This is reflected in their preference of the term 'Anglo-African' over 'coloured' and 'half-caste'. Although all three were used, 'Anglo-African' had the advantage of emphasising their partial descent from colonists.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Milner-Thornton|first=Juliette Bridgette|title=The Long Shadow of the British Empire: The Ongoing Legacies of Race and Class in Zambia|year=2012|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0230340183|page=11|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gzFbk-ZPzqEC|quote=At different historical junctures in Northern Rhodesia's racialized landscape, persons of mixed descent were categorized accordingly: 'half-caste,' 'Anglo-African,' 'Indo-African,' 'Euro-African, 'Eurafrican,' and 'Coloured.'}}</ref> ''The Anglo-African'' and ''The Weekly Anglo-African'' were the names of newspapers published by [[African American]] [[Abolitionism in the United States|abolitionist]] Robert Hamilton (1819–1870) in [[New York City|New York]] during the [[American Civil War]] era.<ref>{{cite web|title=About The Anglo-African|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87055554/|publisher=Library of Congress|access-date=28 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Coddington|first=Ronald S.|title=African American Faces of the Civil War: An Album|year=2012|publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press|location=Baltimore|isbn=9781421406251|page=274|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ke74Q57UusAC}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Jackson |first=Debra |title=A Black Journalist in Civil War Virginia: Robert Hamilton and the Anglo-African |journal=Virginia Magazine of History and Biography |year=2008 |volume=116 |issue=1 |pages=42–72 |url=http://www.vahistorical.org/publications/abstract_jackson.htm |access-date=3 July 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501152449/http://vahistorical.org/publications/abstract_jackson.htm |archive-date=1 May 2013 }}</ref> ''The Anglo-African'' was also the name of a newspaper published in [[Lagos Colony|Lagos]] (now part of [[Nigeria]]) from 1863 to 1865. It was founded and edited by Robert Campbell (1829–1884), a [[Jamaica]]n born son of a [[Scottish people|Scottish]] father and [[Mulatto]] mother.<ref>{{cite book|last=Echeruo|first=Michael J. C.|editor=Dubem Okafor|title=Meditations on African Literature|chapter=The Anglo-African, the 'Woman Question', and Imperial Discourse|pages=119–132|year=2001|publisher=Greenwood|location=Westport, Conn. |isbn=0313298661|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=65Sl6W4Z5YsC}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=James|first=Winston|editor=Geneviève Fabre |editor2=Klaus Benesch|chapter=The Wings of Ethiopia: The Caribbean Diaspora and Pan-African Projects from John Brown Russwurm to George Padmore|title=African Diasporas in the New and Old Worlds: Consciousness and Imagination|year=2004|publisher=Rodopi|location=Amsterdam|isbn=90-420-0870-9|pages=135–148 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=btGIe0y0aWIC}}</ref> The term has also been used historically to describe people living in the [[British Empire]] in Africa.<ref>{{cite web|title=United Australia: Public opinion in England as expressed in the leading journals of the United Kingdom|url=https://archive.org/stream/unitedaustraliap00sydnrich/unitedaustraliap00sydnrich_djvu.txt|publisher=Charles Potter, Government Printer|location=Sydney|year=1890|access-date=16 July 2013|quote='I do see a time when the South African colonies may be brought together into one great Anglo-African people.'}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Africanus |publisher=Africanus |title=The adjustment of the German colonial claims – Dedicated to the American and British delegates of the peace conference |location=Bern |date=December 1918 |pages=7|url=https://archive.org/stream/adjustmentofgerm00afririch#page/7/mode/1up|access-date=15 July 2013 |quote=Sir Harry Johnston, the former Governor General of Central British Africa said after the conquest of German East Africa in the 'Daily News': ... Another well known Anglo-African and Colonial politician E. D. Morel in an article in the 'Labour Leader' entitled 'The Way Out' writes as follows: ...'}} [[Harry Johnston]] (1858–1927) and [[E. D. Morel]] (1873–1924) are referred to as ''Anglo-Africans'' in this publication.</ref> ''The Anglo-African Who's Who and Biographical Sketch-Book'' published in [[London]] in 1905 includes details of prominent [[British diaspora in Africa|British]] and [[Afrikaner]] people in Africa at that time.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Wills |editor1-first=Walter H. |editor2-last=Barrett |editor2-first=R. J. |title=The Anglo-African Who's Who and Biographical Sketch-Book |publisher=George Routledge & Sons |location=London |year=1905 |url=https://archive.org/details/angloafricanwhos00will/page/n13/mode/2up |access-date=26 June 2013 |page=viii |quote=But we may perhaps claim that, incomplete as it is, it contains many records of Anglo-Africans which are not readily available in any similar work of reference, and it is only necessary to add that we hope to remedy its sins of omission and commission in future editions.}}</ref>

===Australia===
{{Main|Anglo-Celtic Australian}}
In Australia, ''Anglo'' is used as part of the terms ''Anglo-Australian'' and ''[[Anglo-Celtic]]'', which refer to the majority of Australians, who are of English, Scottish, [[Welsh people|Welsh]] and Irish descent.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs@.nsf/94713ad445ff1425ca25682000192af2/49f609c83cf34d69ca2569de0025c182!OpenDocument |work=1301.0 – Year Book Australia, 1995 |access-date=|title = Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Australia|date=January 1995 |publisher =Australian Bureau of Statistics}}</ref>

===Canada===
In [[Canada]], and especially in [[Canadian French]], ''[[English speaking|Anglophone]]'' is widely used to designate someone whose [[mother tongue]] is English, as opposed to ''[[Francophone]]'', which describes someone whose mother tongue is French, and to ''[[Allophone (Canadian usage)|Allophone]]'', which describes someone whose mother tongue is a language other than English or French. ''[[Anglo-Métis]]'' is also sometimes used to refer to an ethnic group.

===Israel===
Jewish immigrants making [[Aliyah]] to the [[State of Israel]] are sometimes referred to as ''Anglos''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/anglo-file |title=Anglo File -- Israel News|work = Haaretz Daily Newspaper|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026054700/http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/anglo-file|archivedate = 26 October 2011}}</ref>

===Scotland===
In [[Scotland]], and in related cultures, the term ''Anglo-Scot'', sometimes shortened to ''Anglo or Anglos'', is used to refer to people with some permutation of mixed Scottish-English ancestry, association and/or birth; such as English people of Scottish descent, Scottish people of English descent, or heavily [[Anglicization|Anglicised]] members of the [[Noblesse|Scottish nobility]] who are indistinguishable from English members of the [[British upper class]] and speak with a [[Received Pronunciation]], or other elite Southern accent.  

A great number of Anglo-Scots have made their mark in the fields of sport, politics, law, diplomacy, the [[Military history of the United Kingdom]], medicine, engineering, technical invention, [[maritime history]], geographical exploration, journalism and on the stage and screen. The London-born writer [[Ian Fleming]] being one such example of this mixed ancestry. His [[James Bond (literary character)|James Bond]] character is the preeminent fictional example of the ''Anglo-Scot''. 

At the same time, however, [[John Lorne Campbell]], whose decades long work as a collector alongside his wife, American [[ethnomusicologist]] [[Margaret Fay Shaw]], preserved countless works of [[Canadian Gaelic]] and [[Scottish Gaelic literature]], [[Hebridean mythology and folklore]], and [[Scottish traditional music]] that may otherwise have been lost, was an Anglo-Scot. Campbell was raised to speak only Received Pronunciation English as an [[Argyllshire]] landlord at the height of the [[British Empire]], but his decision as a young adult to reject the traditionally [[Anglophile|pro-English]] and pro-Empire politics of his family in favor of [[Scottish nationalism]], [[decolonisation]], and fighting for the survival of his threatened ancestral [[heritage language]] of [[Scottish Gaelic language|Scottish Gaelic]], may well be said to have changed the course of modern [[Scottish history]].<ref>Ray Perman (2013), ''The Man Who Gave Away His Island: A Life of John Lorne Campbell'', [[Birlinn Limited]]. Pages 1-140.</ref> The modern Gaelic [[Scottish Gaelic Renaissance|literary]] and [[language revival]]s, as well as the growing use of [[Scottish Gaelic-medium education|immersion schools]] in both Scotland and [[Nova Scotia]] are his legacy.

The term ''Anglo-Scot'' is often used to describe Scottish sports players who are based in England or playing for English teams, or vice versa. This is especially so in football, notably in [[Rugby union]], where the [[Scottish Exiles (rugby union)|Anglo Scots]] were a Scottish non-native select provincial District side that competed in the [[Scottish Inter-District Championship]].

===United States===
In many parts of the United States, especially those with high Latino populations, the term "Anglo" is applied to white Americans who are not of [[Latino Americans|Latino]] origin.<ref name=dictionary.com>{{cite web |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Anglo | title = Anglo |work=American Heritage Dictionary | access-date =29 March 2008 |publisher= Lexico Publishing Group, LLC | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080315013806/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Anglo| archive-date= 15 March 2008 |url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Fiesta Favorite |newspaper=Weekly Santa Fe Gazette |date=1862-08-16 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/985664810/?clipping_id=170164800 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> "Anglo" is short for "Anglo American",{{citation needed|date=September 2023}}{{dubious|date=September 2023}} is used as a synonym for [[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|non-Latino whites]]; that is [[European American]]s, most of whom speak the English language, even those who are not necessarily of English or British descent.<ref>{{Cite book|first=Marian Jean|last=Barber|title=How the Irish, Germans, and Czechs Became Anglo: Race and Identity in the Texas-Mexico Borderlands PhD dissertation|publisher=University of Texas|location=Austin|date=2010|oclc=876627130}}</ref>