Editing Animated mapping (section)

==History==
The concept of animated maps began in the 1930s but did not become more developed by cartographers until the 1950s.<ref name=Slocum>{{cite book |last=Slocum |first=Terry |display-authors=etal |date=2009 |title=Thematic Cartography and Geographic Visualization |edition=3rd |location=Upper Saddle River, NJ |publisher=Prentice Hall |isbn=9780132298346 |oclc=182779739}}</ref> In 1959, [[Norman J. W. Thrower|Norman Thrower]] published ''Animated Cartography'', discussing the use of animated maps in adding a new dimension that was difficult to express in static maps: time. These early maps were created by drawing "snap-shots" of static maps, putting a series of maps together to form a scene, and creating animation through photography tricks (Thrower 1959). Such early maps rarely had an associated scale, legends or oriented themselves to lines of longitude or latitude.<ref name=CampbellEgbert1990>{{cite journal |last1=Campbell |first1=Craig S. and |last2=Egbert |first2=E. L. |date=1990 |title=Animated cartography: 30 years of scratching the surface |journal=Cartographica |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=24–43 |doi=10.3138/V321-5367-W742-1587 |url=https://www.academia.edu/5987723}}</ref>

With the development of computers in the 1960s and 1970s, animation programs were developed allowing the growth of animation in mapping. [[Waldo Tobler]] created one of the first computer-generated map animations, using a 3-D computer-generated map to portray population growth over a specified time in Detroit.<ref name=Tobler1>{{cite journal |last=Tobler |first=Waldo R. |authorlink=Waldo Tobler |date=1970 |title=A computer movie simulating urban growth in the Detroit region |journal=Economic Geography |volume=46 |issue=2 |pages=234–24 |doi=10.2307/143141 |jstor=143141}}</ref> Hal Moellering created another animated map in 1976 representing a [[spatiotemporal pattern]] in traffic accidents.<ref name=Slocum/>

Further development in the animated maps was stalled until the 1990s due to a lack of animation in academics, financial restrictions on research, and lack of distribution means.<ref name=CampbellEgbert1990/> In the 1990s, however, the invention of faster, more efficient computers, compact discs, and the Internet solved such problems. Today, there are many free options for hosting animated maps online, including [[YouTube]] and [[GitHub]]. [[Internet GIS]] and [[web mapping]] both make extensive use of animated maps, particularly when showing time. Because of the nature of the internet, this may lead to the distribution of misinformation and contribute to the [[infodemic]].<ref name=Monmonier>{{cite book |last1=Monmonier |first1=Mark |title=How to lie with maps |date=10 April 2018 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0226435923 |edition=3}}</ref><ref name= "WHO_20200202">{{cite news |title=Novel Coronavirus(2019-nCoV) Situation Report - 13 |url=https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200202-sitrep-13-ncov-v3.pdf |access-date=30 July 2022 |agency=World Health Organization |date=2 February 2020}}</ref><ref name="Mooney_Juhász_202007">{{cite journal |last1=Mooney |first1=Peter |last2=Juhász |first2=Levente |title=Mapping COVID-19: How web-based maps contribute to the infodemic |journal=Dialogues in Human Geography |date=July 2020 |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=265–270 |doi=10.1177/2043820620934926 |s2cid=220415906 |doi-access=free }}</ref>