Editing Anointing of the sick (section)

==Names==
Since 1972, the Roman Catholic Church has used the name "Anointing of the Sick" both in the English translations issued by the [[Holy See]] of its official documents in [[Latin]]<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/apost_constitutions/documents/hf_p-vi_apc_19721130_sacram-unctionem_en.html Apostolic Constitution ''Sacram Unctionem Infirmorum''], [https://www.vatican.va/archive/catechism/p2s2c2a5.htm Catechism of the Catholic Church], [https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P3J.HTM Code of Canon Law], [https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/chrstuni/general-docs/rc_pc_chrstuni_doc_19930325_directory_en.html Directory for the Application of Principles and Norms on Ecumenism], [http://www.sanctamissa.org/en/resources/summorum-pontificum.html motu proprio ''Summorum Pontificum'', etc.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010043928/http://www.sanctamissa.org/en/resources/summorum-pontificum.html |date=2012-10-10 }}</ref> and in the English official documents of [[Episcopal conference]]s.<ref>For example, [http://www.usccbpublishing.org/client/client_pages/USCCAAFF.cfm#Sacraments United States Catholic Catechism for Adults] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430123525/http://www.usccbpublishing.org/client/client_pages/USCCAAFF.cfm#Sacraments |date=2008-04-30 }}</ref> It does not, of course, forbid the use of other names, for example the more archaic term "Unction of the Sick" or the term "Extreme Unction". Cardinal [[Walter Kasper]] used the latter term in his intervention at the 2005 [[Assembly of the Synod of Bishops]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.vatican.va/news_services/press/sinodo/documents/bollettino_21_xi-ordinaria-2005/02_inglese/b13_02.html#-_H._Em._Card._Walter_KASPER,_President_of_the_Pontifical_Council_for_the_Promotion_of_Christian_Unity_(VATICAN_CITY)_| title = Holy See Press Office bulletin}}</ref> However, the Church declared that "'Extreme unction' ... may also and more fittingly be called 'anointing of the sick'",<ref>[http://www.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19631204_sacrosanctum-concilium_en.html Constitution on the Liturgy], 73 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118191051/http://www.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19631204_sacrosanctum-concilium_en.html |date=2007-11-18 }}</ref> and has itself adopted the latter term, while not outlawing the former. This is to emphasize that the sacrament is available, and recommended, to all those suffering from any serious illness, and to dispel the common misconception that it is exclusively for those at or very near the point of death.

'''Extreme Unction''' was the usual name for the sacrament in the West from the late twelfth century until 1972, and was thus used at the [[Council of Trent]]<ref>{{cite web| url = http://history.hanover.edu/early/Trent/CT14UNCT.html| title = Fourteenth Session}}</ref> and in the 1913 [[Catholic Encyclopedia]].<ref name=CE>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05716a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)]: article "Extreme Unction"</ref> [[Peter Lombard]] (died 1160) is the first writer known to have used the term,<ref name=ODCC/> which did not become the usual name in the West till towards the end of the twelfth century, and never became current in the East.<ref name=CE/> The word "extreme" (final) indicated either that it was the last of the sacramental unctions (after the anointings at Baptism, Confirmation and, if received, Holy Orders) or because at that time it was normally administered only when a patient was ''in extremis''.<ref name=ODCC/>

Other names used in the West include '''the unction or blessing of consecrated oil''', '''the unction of God''', and '''the office of the unction'''.<ref name=CE/> Among some [[Protestantism|Protestant]] bodies, who do not consider it a sacrament, but instead as a practice suggested rather than commanded by Scripture, it is called '''anointing with oil'''.

In the Greek Church, the sacrament is called '''Euchelaion''' ([[Greek language|Greek]] Εὐχέλαιον, from εὐχή, "prayer", and ἔλαιον, "oil").<ref name=ODCC/><ref name=CE/> Other names are also used, such as ἅγιον ἔλαιον (holy oil), ἡγιασμένον ἔλαιον (consecrated oil), and χρῖσις or χρῖσμα (anointing).<ref name=CE/>

The [[Community of Christ]] uses the term '''administration to the sick'''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cofchrist.org/sacraments/default.asp |title=Community of Christ: The Sacraments |access-date=2007-03-02 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120724195534/http://www.cofchrist.org/sacraments/default.asp |archive-date=2012-07-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The term "[[last rites]]" refers to administration to a dying person not only of this sacrament but also of [[Sacrament of Penance (Catholic Church)|Penance]] and [[Eucharist|Holy Communion]], the last of which, when administered in such circumstances, is known as "[[Viaticum]]", a word whose original meaning in [[Latin]] was "provision for the journey". The normal order of administration is: first Penance (if the dying person is physically unable to [[Confession (religion)|confess]], absolution, conditional on the existence of contrition, is given); next, Anointing; finally, Viaticum (if the person can receive it).