Editing Anolis (section)

== Taxonomy ==
{{See also|Dactyloidae#Genera}}

This very large [[genus]] displays considerable [[paraphyly]], but [[phylogenetic analysis]] suggests a number of subgroups or [[clades]].<ref name=Nicholson2012/><ref name=Glor>{{cite journal | last1 = Glor | first1 = Richard E. | last2 = Jonathan | first2 = B. Losos | last3 = Larson | first3 = Allan | year = 2005 | title = Out of Cuba: overwater dispersal and speciation among lizards in the ''Anolis carolinensis'' subgroup | url = http://lacertilia.com/research/PDF/Glor_etal_2005.pdf | journal = Molecular Ecology | volume = 14 | issue = 8| pages = 2419–2432 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02550.x | pmid=15969724| bibcode = 2005MolEc..14.2419G | s2cid = 20092906 }}</ref> Whether these clades are best recognized as subgenera within ''Anolis'' or separate genera remains a matter of dispute.<ref name=Nicholson2012/><ref name=Nicholson2018/><ref name=Poe2017>{{cite journal| author1=Poe | author2=Nieto-Montes de Oca | author3=Torres-Carvajal | author4=Queiroz | author5=Velasco | author6=Truett | author7=Gray | author8=Ryan | author9=Köhler | author10=Ayala-Varela | author11=Latella | year=2017 | title=A Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, and Taxonomic study of all Extant Species of Anolis (Squamata; Iguanidae) | journal=Systematic Biology | volume=66 | issue=5 | pages=663–697 | doi=10.1093/sysbio/syx029 | pmid=28334227 | doi-access=free }}</ref>

If the clades are recognized as full genera, about 45 species remain in ''Anolis'', with the remaining moved to ''Audantia'' (9 species), ''Chamaelinorops'' (7 species), ''Ctenonotus'' (more than 40 species), ''Dactyloa'' (''circa'' 95 species), ''Deiroptyx'' (almost 35 species), ''Norops'' (about 190 species), and ''Xiphosurus'' (around 15 species).<ref name=Nicholson2012/><ref name=Nicholson2018/> Some of these can be further subdivided. For example, ''Phenacosaurus'' was often listed as a full genus in the past, but it is a subclade within ''Dactyloa'' (''Dactyloa heteroderma'' species group).<ref>{{harvnb|Nicholson|2012|page=17}}</ref> Among the subgroups within ''Anolis'' are:

* ''[[carolinensis]]'' species group (13 [[species]])
* ''isolepis'' species group (three species)

In 2011, the [[Green anole|green (or Carolina) anole]] (''Anolis carolinensis'') became the first reptile to have its complete genome published.<ref>{{cite journal |url= https://www.nature.com/news/2011/110831/full/news.2011.512.html |journal= Nature|last1=Sweetlove |first1=Lee |title= Lizard genome unveiled |date= 2011-08-31|doi= 10.1038/news.2011.512 }}</ref>

Closely related, recently diverged anole lizards exhibited more divergence in thermal biology than in morphology. These anole lizards are thought to have the same structural niche and have similarities in their size and shape, but they inhabit different climatic niches with was variability in temperature and openness of the environment. This suggests that thermal physiology is more associated with recently diverged anole lizards.<ref>Losos, J. B. (2009). Lizards in an evolutionary tree: ecology and adaptive radiation of anoles. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Hertz | first1 = P.E. | last2 = Arima | first2 = Y. | last3 = Harrison | first3 = A. | last4 = Huey | first4 = R.B. | last5 = Losos | first5 = J.B. | last6 = Glor | first6 = R.E. | year = 2012 | title = Asynchronous evolution of physiology and morphology in Anolis lizards | journal = Org. Evol. | volume = 67 | issue = 7| pages = 2101–2113 | doi=10.1111/evo.12072| pmid = 23815663 | s2cid = 2793493 | doi-access = free }}</ref>