Editing Antonov An-22 (section)

== Design and development ==
[[File:Aeroflot An-22 CCCP-64459 UKKM 1991-8-18.png|thumb|First prototype of the An-22 (CCCP-64459; currently UR-64459), pictured in 1991 at [[Gostomel Airport]].]]
[[File:An-22. Front view.jpg|thumb|left|Front view.]]
[[File:An-22. Bottom view.jpg|thumb|left|Bottom view.]]
In the late 1950s, the Soviet Union required a large military transport aircraft to supplement the [[Antonov An-8]] and [[Antonov An-12|An-12s]] then entering service.<ref name="aw" /> Originally known as the An-20, the model is a conventional multi-engined high-wing design.<ref name="aw" /> In the early 1960s, the Antonov bureau produced a wooden mock up at its Kyiv, Ukraine, workshops of what was designated the Model 100.<ref name="aw" /> The prototype, now designated the An-22, was rolled out on 18 August 1964 and first flew on 27 February 1965.<ref name="aw" /> The prototype was given the name [[Antaeus]] (sometimes misspelled Antheus) and, after four months of test-flying, was displayed at the 1965 [[Paris Air Show]].<ref name="aw" /> All aircraft were built at the [[Tashkent Aviation Production Association|Tashkent State Aircraft Factory]] and the first military delivery was made to the Air Transport Wing at Ivanovo Airbase in 1969.<ref name="aw" />

The aircraft was designed as a [[airlift#Strategic airlift|strategic airlifter]], designed specifically to expand the [[Soviet Airborne Forces]]' capability to land with their then-new [[BMD-1]] armoured vehicles. The An-22 cargo hold can accommodate four BMD-1s compared to only one in the [[An-12]].

It has the capability to takeoff from austere, unpaved, and short airstrips, allowing airborne troops to perform [[Landing operation|air-landing operations]]. This is achieved by four pairs of [[contra-rotating propellers]], similar to those on the [[Tupolev Tu-114]]. The propellers and exhaust from the engines produce a slipstream over the wings and large double-slotted [[Flap (aircraft)|flaps]]. The [[landing gear]] is ruggedized for rough airstrips. In early versions [[Central Tire Inflation System|tire pressures could be adjusted in flight]] for optimum landing performance. That feature was removed in later models.

The An-22 follows traditional cargo transport design with a high-mounted wing allowing a large cargo space of 33&nbsp;m in length and a usable volume of 639&nbsp;m³. The forward fuselage is fully pressurized and provides space for 5 to 8 crew and up to 28 passengers, but the cargo space is pressurized to only 3.55 PSI / 0.245 bar allowing for a lighter airframe. A door equipped with pressure bulkhead is located at frame 14, separating the cargo attendant's compartment from the main cargo compartment. This allows the rear cargo doors to be opened during flight for paratroops and equipment drop. Like the An-12, the aircraft has a circular fuselage section. The An-22 has set a number of payload and payload-to-height world records.{{Citation needed|date=May 2008}}

The An-22 has the general appearance of an enlarged version of the earlier [[Antonov An-12]] except that it is fitted with a [[twin tail]]. This gives the An-22 better engine-out performance, and reduces height restrictions for hangars. Also of note are large anti-flutter masses on the top of each tail.

[[File:1965. Антей.jpg|thumb|right|Soviet 1965 [[postage stamp]] showcasing the An-22 success at the Paris Air Show.]]
Only one production variant was built, the standard An-22.{{clarify|date=May 2013}} Prototypes, such as the one first featured at the [[1965 in aviation|1965]] [[Paris Air Show]] had fully glazed noses that lacked the nose-mounted [[radar]] of production models. Those aircraft had the radar mounted below the right wheel well fairing, forward of the wheels. Antonov designated a variant with a modified electrical system and an additional augmented flight control system the An-22A but the designation was not used by the military.<ref name="aw" />

A civil airliner version with a lengthened fuselage capable of seating 724 passengers on upper and lower decks was studied but was not built.<ref>Taylor 1969, p. 466</ref>

=== Total production ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right; font-size: 96%;"
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!Total Production<ref>{{cite web|url=https://russianplanes.net/planelist/Antonov/An-22|title=✈ russianplanes.net ✈ наша авиация|website=russianplanes.net|access-date=9 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825002506/https://russianplanes.net/planelist/Antonov/An-22|archive-date=25 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>!! 1975 !! 1974 !! 1973 !! 1972 !! 1971 !! 1970 !! 1969 !! 1968 !! 1967 !! 1966 !! 1965 !! 1964 !! 1963
|-
||'''68'''||12||9||9||8||8||7||7||1||1||4||1||0||1
|}