Editing Apia (section)

==History==
{{Main|History of Samoa}}
[[File:Seumanutafa Pogai, photograph by Thomas Andrew.jpg|thumb|left|150px|A high chief of Apia, [[Seumanutafa Pogai]], {{circa|1890}}]]
Apia was originally a small village (the 1800 population was 304<ref name=pop>{{cite web
 |url=http://www.sbs.gov.ws/Portals/138/PDF/census%20survey/Table%202.%20Population%20byregion,%20faipule%20district%202006.pdf 
 |work=Samoa Bureau of Statistics 
 |title=Population and Housing Census Report 2006 
 |date=July 2008 
 |access-date=16 December 2009
 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721230100/http://www.sbs.gov.ws/Portals/138/PDF/census%20survey/Table%202.%20Population%20byregion%2C%20faipule%20district%202006.pdf 
 |archive-date=21 July 2011
 |df=dmy 
}}</ref>), from which the country's capital took its name. Apia Village still exists within the larger modern capital of Apia, which has grown into a sprawling urban area that encompasses many villages. Like every other settlement in the country, Apia Village has its own ''matai'' (leaders) and ''fa'alupega'' (genealogy and customary greetings) according to [[fa'a Samoa]].{{citation needed|date=May 2018}}

The modern city of Apia was founded in the 1850s, and it has been the official capital of Samoa since 1959.<ref>"Samoa", ''Encyclopædia Britannica''</ref> [[Seumanutafa Pogai]] was high chief until his death in 1898.

The harbour was the site of a notorious [[Samoan crisis|15 March 1889 naval standoff]] in which seven ships — from Germany, the US, and Britain — refused to leave the harbour, even though a typhoon was clearly approaching, lest the first one to move lose face. All the ships sank or were damaged beyond repair, except for the British cruiser ''Calliope'', which managed to leave port, travelling at a rate of one mile per hour, and was able to ride out the storm. Nearly 200 American and German people died.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/events/ev-1880s/ev-1889/sam-hur.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020404100035/http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/events/ev-1880s/ev-1889/sam-hur.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 April 2002 |date=24 March 2002 |work=US Department of Navy, Naval Historical Center |access-date=13 February 2018 |title=Hurricane at Apia, Samoa  15-16 March 1889}}</ref>

Western Samoa was ruled by Germany as [[German Samoa]] from 1900 to 1914, with Apia as its capital.{{citation needed|date=May 2018}}

In August 1914, the [[Occupation of German Samoa]] by an expeditionary force from [[New Zealand]] began. New Zealand governed the islands, (as the [[Western Samoa Trust Territory]]) from 1920 until Samoan independence in 1962 – first under a [[League of Nations]] Class C Mandate and then, after 1945, as a United Nations Trust Territory.<ref>
{{cite news | title=Imperialism as a Vocation: Class C Mandates
| url= http://www.jamesrmaclean.com/archives/archive_vocational_imperialism.html | url-status=usurped
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070825102909/http://www.jamesrmaclean.com/archives/archive_vocational_imperialism.html
| archive-date = 25 August 2007
| author=MacLean, James | date=2 February 2005
| access-date = 27 November 2007}}</ref>

The country underwent a struggle for political independence in the early 1900s, organised under the aegis of the national [[Mau movement]]. During this period, the streets of Apia were the site of non-violent protests and marches, in the course of which many Samoans were arrested. On what became known as "Black Saturday" (28 December 1929), during a peaceful Mau gathering in the town, the [[New Zealand]] constabulary killed the paramount chief [[Tupua Tamasese Lealofi III]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/politics/samoa/rise-of-mau |title=The rise of the Mau movement - New Zealand in Samoa &#124; NZHistory, New Zealand history online |publisher=Nzhistory.net.nz |date=2 September 2014 |author=Ministry for Culture and Heritage |access-date=2 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161101130701/http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/politics/samoa/rise-of-mau |archive-date=1 November 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

During [[World War II]] the [[United States Navy]] built and operated [[Naval Base Upolu]] from 1941 to 1944.<ref>[https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/Building_Bases/bases-24.html Built of US Navy bases]''US Navy''</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://codenames.info/operation/straw/|title=Straw &#124; Operations & Codenames of WWII|website=codenames.info}}</ref>