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Apocrita
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== Extant families and superfamilies == The Apocrita contains a large number of families. Some traditional taxa such as the [[Parasitica]] (containing many families of [[parasitoid wasp]]s) have been found on molecular analysis to be [[paraphyletic]]. [[Parasitoid]]ism evolved once, and it is found today across most Apocritan families, though it has been secondarily lost several times. The [[phylogenetic tree]] gives a condensed overview of the phylogeny, illustrated with major groups. The sawflies are paraphyletic as the Apocrita evolved inside that group. The tree is not fully resolved.<ref name="BranstetterDanforth2017">{{cite journal |last1=Branstetter |first1=Michael G. |last2=Danforth |first2=Bryan N. |last3=Pitts |first3=James P. |last4=Faircloth |first4=Brant C. |last5=Ward |first5=Philip S. |last6=Buffington |first6=Matthew L. |last7=Gates |first7=Michael W. |last8=Kula |first8=Robert R. |last9=Brady |first9=SeΓ‘n G.|title=Phylogenomic Insights into the Evolution of Stinging Wasps and the Origins of Ants and Bees |journal=Current Biology |volume=27 |issue=7 |year=2017 |pages=1019β1025 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2017.03.027|pmid=28376325 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2017CBio...27.1019B }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Schulmeister, S. |date=2003 |title=Simultaneous analysis of basal Hymenoptera (Insecta), introducing robust-choice sensitivity analysis |journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=79 |issue=2 |pages=245β275 |doi=10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00233.x|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Schulmeister |first1=S. |title=Symphyta |url=http://susanne.schulmeister.com/Symphyta.html |access-date=28 November 2016 |archive-date=21 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621021510/http://susanne.schulmeister.com/Symphyta.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Peters>{{Cite journal |last1=Peters |first1=Ralph S. |last2=Krogmann |first2=Lars |last3=Mayer |first3=Christoph |last4=Donath |first4=Alexander |last5=Gunkel |first5=Simon |last6=Meusemann |first6=Karen |last7=Kozlov |first7=Alexey |last8=Podsiadlowski |first8=Lars |last9=Petersen |first9=Malte |title=Evolutionary History of the Hymenoptera |journal=Current Biology |volume=27 |issue=7 |pages=1013β1018 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2017.01.027|pmid=28343967 |year=2017 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2017CBio...27.1013P |hdl=2434/801122 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> Cladogram of Apocrita after Peters et al.(2017)<ref name="Peters" />{{Clade|style=font-size:85%; line-height:85% |label1=Apocrita |1={{Clade |label1=[[Parasitoida]] |1={{Clade |1={{Clade |1=[[Ceraphronoidea]] |2=[[Ichneumonoidea]] }} |label2=[[Proctotrupomorpha]] |2={{Clade |1=[[Cynipoidea]] |2={{Clade |1=[[Platygastroidea]] |2={{Clade |1=[[Chalcidoidea]] |2={{Clade |1=[[Diaprioidea]] |2=[[Proctotrupoidea]] }} }} }} }} }} |2={{Clade |1={{Clade |1=[[Evanioidea]] |2=[[Stephanoidea]] }} |2={{Clade |1=[[Trigonaloidea]] |label2=[[Aculeata]] |2={{Clade |1=[[Chrysidoidea]] |label2=[[Euaculeata]] |2={{Clade |1=[[Vespoidea]] (potter, honey and social wasps) |2={{Clade |1={{Clade |1=[[Pompiloidea]] (velvet ants, spider wasps and relatives) |2={{Clade |1=[[Thynnoidea]] |2=[[Tiphioidea]] }} }} |2={{Clade |1=[[Scolioidea]] |2={{Clade |1=[[Formicoidea]] (ants) |label2=[[Apoidea]] |2={{Clade |1=[[Ampulicidae]] |2={{Clade |1=[[Sphecidae]] |2="[[Crabronidae]]" (digger wasps)|state2=double |3=[[Bee|Anthophila]] (bees) }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} *Suborder Apocrita **Infraorder [[Aculeata]] ***Superfamily [[Apoidea]] ([[bee]]s and sphecoid wasps) ****Family [[Ammoplanidae]] ****Family [[Ampulicidae]] ([[cockroach wasp]]s) ****Family [[Astatidae]] ****Family [[Bembicinae|Bembicidae]] (sand wasps) ****Family [[Crabronidae]] ****Family [[Mellinidae]] ****Family [[Pemphredonidae]] ****Family [[Philanthidae]] (bee wolves) ****Family [[Psenidae]] ****Family [[Sphecidae]] ([[Sphecidae|digger wasps]]) ****Family β [[Angarosphecidae]] ****Family β [[Paleomelittidae]] ****Family β [[Temnogynidae]] ****Clade [[Bee|Anthophila]] *****Family [[Andrenidae]] (mining bees) *****Family [[Apidae]] ([[carpenter bee]]s, [[digger bee]]s, [[cuckoo bee]]s, [[bumble bee]]s, [[orchid bee]]s, [[stingless bee]]s, and [[honeybee]]s) *****Family [[Colletidae]] ([[yellow-faced bee]]s and [[plasterer bee]]s) *****Family [[Halictidae]] ("sweat bees") *****Family [[Megachilidae]] ([[leafcutting bee|leaf-cutting bee]]s) *****Family [[Melittidae]] *****Family [[Stenotritidae]] ***Superfamily [[Chrysidoidea]] ****Family [[Bethylidae]] ****Family [[Chrysididae]] ([[cuckoo wasp]]s) ****Family [[Dryinidae]] ****Family [[Embolemidae]] ****Family [[Plumariidae]] ****Family [[Sclerogibbidae]] ****Family [[Scolebythidae]] ***Superfamily [[Formicoidea]] ****Family [[Ant|Formicidae]] ([[ant]]s) ***Superfamily [[Pompiloidea]] ****Family [[Mutillidae]] ([[velvet ant]]s) ****Family [[Myrmosidae]] ****Family [[Pompilidae]] ([[spider wasp]]s) ****Family [[Sapygidae]] ***Superfamily [[Scoliidae|Scolioidea]] ****Family [[Scoliidae]] ***Superfamily [[Tiphioidea]] ****Family [[Bradynobaenidae]] ****Family [[Sierolomorphidae]] ****Family [[Tiphiidae]] ***Superfamily [[Thynnoidea|Thynoidea]] ****Family [[Chyphotidae]] ****Family [[Thynnidae]] ***Superfamily [[Vespoidea]] ****Family [[Rhopalosomatidae]] ****Family [[Vespidae]] ([[paper wasp]]s, [[potter wasp]]s, [[hornet]]s, [[pollen wasp]]s, [[yellowjacket]]s) **[[Proctotrupomorpha]] ***Superfamily [[Chalcidoidea]] ****Family [[Agaonidae]] ([[fig wasp]]s) ****Family [[Aphelinidae]] ****Family [[Chalcididae]] ([[chalcid wasp]]s) ****Family [[Encyrtidae]] ****Family [[Eucharitidae]] ****Family [[Eulophidae]] ****Family [[Eupelmidae]] ****Family [[Eurytomidae]] ([[seed chalcid]]s) ****Family [[Leucospidae]] ****Family [[Mymaridae]] ([[fairyfly|fairyflies]]) β the smallest of all insects ****Family [[Ormyridae]] ****Family [[Perilampidae]] ****Family [[Pteromalidae]] ****Family [[Rotoitidae]] ****Family [[Signiphoridae]] ****Family [[Tanaostigmatidae]] ****Family [[Tetracampidae]] ****Family [[Torymidae]] ****Family [[Trichogrammatidae]] ***Superfamily [[Cynipoidea]] ****Family [[Austrocynipidae]] ****Family [[Cynipidae]] ([[gall wasp]]s) ****Family [[Figitidae]] ****Family [[Ibaliidae]] ****Family [[Liopteridae]] ***Superfamily [[Diaprioidea]] ****Family [[Austroniidae]] ****Family [[Diapriidae]] ****Family [[Maamingidae]] ****Family [[Monomachidae]] ***Superfamily [[Mymarommatoidea]] ****Family [[Mymarommatidae]] ***Superfamily [[Platygastroidea]] **** Family [[Geoscelionidae]] **** Family [[Janzenellidae]] **** Family [[Neuroscelionidae]] **** Family [[Nixoniidae]] **** Family [[Platygastridae]] **** Family β [[Proterosceliopsidae]] **** Family [[Scelionidae]] **** Family [[Sparasionidae]] ***Superfamily [[Proctotrupoidea]] ****Family [[Heloridae]] ****Family [[Pelecinidae]] ****Family [[Peradeniidae]] ****Family [[Proctorenyxidae]] ****Family [[Proctotrupidae]] ****Family [[Roproniidae]] ****Family [[Vanhorniidae]] **Superfamily [[Stephanoidea]] ***Family [[Stephanidae]] **Superfamily [[Trigonaloidea]] ***Family β [[Maimetshidae]] ***Family [[Trigonalidae]] **Superfamily [[Ceraphronoidea]] ***Family [[Ceraphronidae]] ***Family [[Megaspilidae]] **Superfamily [[Evanioidea]] ***Family [[Aulacidae]] ***Family [[Evaniidae]] ([[ensign wasp]]s) ***Family [[Gasteruptiidae]] **Superfamily [[Ichneumonoidea]] ***Family [[Braconidae]] ***Family [[Ichneumonidae]] ([[ichneumon wasp]]s) **Superfamily [[Megalyroidea]] ***Family [[Megalyridae]]
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