Editing April 8 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
* [[217]] &ndash; [[Roman emperor]] [[Caracalla]] is assassinated and is succeeded by his [[Praetorian Guard]] [[prefect]], [[Marcus Opellius Macrinus]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Ando|first=Clifford|title=Imperial Rome AD 193 to 284: The Critical Century|location=Edinburgh|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|date=2012|isbn=9780748620500|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fTcCQAAQBAJ|pages=62–63}}</ref>
* [[876]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul]] saves [[Baghdad]] from the [[Saffarids]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Popović|first=Alexander|title=The Revolt of African Slaves in Iraq in the 3rd/9th Century|location=Princeton, N.J.|publisher=Markus Wiener Publishers|date=1999|isbn=9781558761629|page=74}}</ref>
*[[1139]] &ndash; [[Roger II of Sicily]] is excommunicated by [[Innocent II]] for supporting [[Antipope Anacletus II|Anacletus II]] as [[pope]] for seven years, even though Roger had already publicly recognized Innocent's claim to the papacy.<ref>{{cite book|last=Norwich|first=John Julius|title=Absolute Monarchs: A History of the Papacy|location=New York|publisher=Random House|date=2011|isbn=9781400067152|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OHfuVL-sDBQC|pages=135–136}}</ref>
*[[1232]] &ndash; [[Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty|Mongol–Jin War]]: The [[Mongol Empire|Mongols]] begin their [[Siege of Kaifeng (1232)|siege on Kaifeng]], the capital of the [[Jin dynasty (1115–1234)|Jin dynasty]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jaques|first1=Tony|last2=Showalter|first2=Dennis E.|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles From Antiquity Through the Twenty-First Century|location=Westport, Conn.|publisher=Greenwood Press|date=2007|isbn=9780313335365|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dh6jydKXikoC|page=502}}</ref>
*[[1250]] &ndash; [[Seventh Crusade]]: [[Ayyubid dynasty|Ayyubids]] of Egypt capture King [[Louis IX of France]] in the [[Battle of Fariskur (1250)|Battle of Fariskur]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Tucker|first=Spencer C.|chapter=Overview of 1200-1400: Chronology|title=A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East. Vol.1: ca. 3000 BCE—1499 CE|editor-last=Tucker|editor-first=Spencer C.|location=Santa Barbara, Calif.|publisher=ABC=CLIO|date=2010|isbn=9781851096671|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h5_tSnygvbIC|page=282}}</ref>
*[[1271]] &ndash; In [[Syria]], sultan [[Baibars]] conquers the [[Krak des Chevaliers]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Baumer|first=Christopher|title=The History of Central Asia. Volume 3: The Age of Islam and the Mongols|location=London|publisher=I.B. Tauris & Co|date=2017|isbn=9781784534905|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LhiWDwAAQBAJ|page=219}}</ref>

===1601–1900===
*[[1605]] &ndash; The city of [[Oulu]], Finland, is founded by [[Charles IX of Sweden]].<ref>[https://www.ouka.fi/oulu/english/some-history Some History] – City of Oulu</ref>
*[[1730]] &ndash; [[Congregation Shearith Israel|Shearith Israel]], the first [[synagogue]] in continental North America, is dedicated.<ref>{{cite book|last=Sarna|first=Jonathan D.|chapter=The Evolution of the American Synagogue|title=The Americanization of the Jews|editor-last1=Seltzer|editor-first1=Robert M.|editor-last2=Cohen|editor-first2=Norman J.|location=New York|publisher=New York University Press|date=1995|isbn=9780814788806|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zjiUuHnkeOIC|page=217}}</ref>
*[[1812]] &ndash; Czar [[Alexander I of Russia|Alexander I]], the [[Emperor of Russia|Russian Emperor]] and the [[Grand Duke of Finland]], officially announces the transfer of the status of the Finnish capital from [[Turku]] to [[Helsinki]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://yle.fi/news/3-5486170|title=Bicentennial of Helsinki as Finnish capital|work=[[Yle News]]|date=April 8, 2012|access-date=April 8, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.helsinkitimes.fi/finland/finland-news/domestic/1978-lobbying-for-helsinki-200-years-ago-2.html|title=Lobbying for Helsinki 200 years ago|work=[[Helsinki Times]]|date=April 19, 2012|access-date=April 8, 2022}}</ref>
*[[1820]] &ndash; The ''[[Venus de Milo]]'' is discovered on the [[Aegean Sea|Aegean]] island of [[Milos]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Venus de Milo {{!}} sculpture |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Venus-de-Milo |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=8 April 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1832]] &ndash; [[Black Hawk War]]: Around 300 United States 6th Infantry troops leave [[St. Louis, Missouri]] to fight the [[Sauk people|Sauk]] [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]].<ref>{{cite book|last=McGuire|first=Randy R.|title=St. Louis Arsenal: Armory of the West|location=Chicago|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|date=2001|isbn=9780738507804|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hiKdvZsiTpwC|page=36}}</ref>
*[[1866]] &ndash; [[Austro-Prussian War]]: [[Italy]] and [[Prussia]] sign a secret alliance against the [[Austrian Empire]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Wawro|first=Geoffrey|title=The Austro-Prussian War: Austria's War With Prussia and Italy in 1866|location=Cambridge, UK|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=1996|isbn=9780521560597|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AimQzlVVlQoC|page=43, fn. 18}}</ref>
*[[1886]] &ndash; [[William Ewart Gladstone]] introduces the first [[Irish Government Bill 1886|Irish Home Rule Bill]] into the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|British House of Commons]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Altholz|first=Josef L.|title=Selected Documents in Irish History|location=Armonk, N.Y.|publisher=M.E. Sharpe|date=2000|isbn=9780765605412|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d1brBgAAQBAJ|page=101}}</ref>
*[[1895]] &ndash; In ''[[Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.]]'' the [[Supreme Court of the United States]] declares unapportioned [[Income tax in the United States|income tax]] to be [[Constitutionality|unconstitutional]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Putney|first=Albert H.|title=United States Constitutional History and Law|location=Chicago|publisher=Illinois Book Exchange|date=1908|oclc=1304138030|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zeMrAAAAIAAJ|page=234|isbn=9780722273838 }}</ref>

===1901–present===
*[[1904]] &ndash; The [[French Third Republic]] and the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland]] sign the ''[[Entente cordiale]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=BBC - History : British History Timeline |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/worldwars_timeline_noflash.shtml |website=www.bbc.co.uk |access-date=8 October 2020}}</ref>
*[[1940]] &ndash; The Central Committee of the [[Mongolian People's Party|Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party]] elects [[Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal]] as [[General Secretary of the Mongolian People's Party|General Secretary]], marking the beginning of his 44-year-long tenure as ''de facto'' leader of [[Mongolian People's Republic|Mongolia]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tsedenbal.mn/hiisen-ajil/%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9-%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%85-%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0/ |title=Миний мэдэх Бал дарга – Юмжаагийн Цэдэнбал|access-date=2022-04-04|website=tsedenbal.mn|date=2020-11-21|language=mn}}</ref>
*[[1954]] &ndash;  A Royal Canadian Air Force Canadair [[T-6 Texan|Harvard]] [[Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 9|collides]] with a [[Trans-Canada Air Lines|Trans-Canada Airlines]] [[Canadair North Star]] over [[Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan]], killing 37 people.<ref name="stf">{{cite web |date=25 June 2014 |title=On this day: The Moose Jaw Air Crash (April 8th, 1954) |url=http://www.ephemeraltreasures.net/tca-crash-moose-jaw-part-1.html |accessdate=27 January 2020}}</ref>
*1954   &ndash;  [[South African Airways Flight 201]]: A [[De Havilland Comet|de Havilland DH.106 Comet 1]] crashes into the sea during night killing 21 people.<ref name="whitney19540410">{{Cite news |last=Whitney |first=Peter D. |date=1954-04-10 |title=Comet Wreckage Found in Sea; 3 Americans Among 21 Victims |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1954/04/10/archives/comet-wreckage-found-in-sea-3-americans-among-21-victims-comet.html |access-date=2019-05-02 |work=The New York Times |page=1 |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
*[[1959]] &ndash;  A team of computer manufacturers, users, and university people led by [[Grace Hopper]] meets to discuss the creation of a new [[programming language]] that would be called [[COBOL]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gürer |first=Denise |date=1 June 2002 |title=Pioneering Women in Computer Science |journal=SIGCSE Bull. |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=175–180 |doi=10.1145/543812.543853 |issn=0097-8418 |s2cid=2577644}}</ref>
*1959   &ndash;  The [[Organization of American States]] drafts an agreement to create the [[Inter-American Development Bank]].<ref>{{cite web |title=AGREEMENT ESTABLISHING THE INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BAN |url=http://www.oas.org/dil/treaties_C-15_Agreement_Establishing_the_Inter-American_Development_Bank_sign.htm |access-date=7 April 2011 |publisher=[[Organization of American States]]}}</ref>
*[[1960]] &ndash;  The [[Netherlands]] and [[West Germany]] sign an agreement to negotiate the return of [[Dutch annexation of German territory after the Second World War|German land annexed by the Dutch]] in return for 280&nbsp;million [[German mark]]s as [[Wiedergutmachung]].<ref name="tre">{{cite web |author= |date=April 8, 1960 |title=Treaty Series - No. 7404 - NETHERLANDS and FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY |url=https://treaties.un.org/doc/publication/unts/volume%20508/v508.pdf |accessdate=August 9, 2020 |publisher=United Nations}}</ref>
*[[1968]] &ndash;  [[BOAC Flight 712]] catches fire shortly after takeoff. As a result of her actions in the accident, [[Barbara Jane Harrison]] is awarded a posthumous [[George Cross]], the only GC awarded to a woman in peacetime.<ref name="Gazette">{{London Gazette
| issue = 44913
| date = 7 August 1969
| pages = 8211–8213
| supp = y
| quote = Crown Copyright
}}  The citation for Harrison's GC is on p.1, Davis-Gordon's BEM is on p.3</ref>
*[[1970]] &ndash;  [[Bahr El-Baqar primary school bombing]]: Israeli bombers strike an Egyptian school. Forty-six children are killed.<ref name="time">{{cite magazine |date=1 June 1970 |title=Middle East: In Cold Blood |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,878279-1,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090428124725/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C878279-1%2C00.html |archive-date=28 April 2009 |access-date= |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref>
*[[1974]] &ndash; [[Hank Aaron]] passes [[Babe Ruth]] as the [[List of Major League Baseball career home run leaders|all-time leader in career home runs]] by hitting his 715th home run off of [[Al Downing (baseball)|Al Downing]] at [[Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/ATL/ATL197404080.shtml|title=Atlanta Braves 7, Los Angeles Dodgers 4|date=April 8, 1974|publisher=Baseball-Reference.com}}</ref>
*[[1990]] &ndash; The conservative [[New Democracy (Greece)|New Democracy]] party of [[Constantine Mitsotakis]] is elected in the [[1990 Greek parliamentary election|Greek parliamentary election]].<ref name="NS">[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p830 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref>
*  [[1993]]  &ndash; The [[Space Shuttle Discovery|Space Shuttle ''Discovery'']] is launched on mission [[STS-56]].<ref name="STS-56 Mission Summary">{{citation-attribution|{{cite web |last1=Ryba |first1=Jeanne |title=STS-56 |url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-56.html |access-date=11 March 2022 |publisher=NASA}} }}</ref>
*  [[2002]] &ndash; The [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'']] is launched on mission [[STS-110]], carrying the [[Integrated Truss Structure|S0 truss]] to the [[International Space Station]]. Astronaut [[Jerry L. Ross]] also becomes the first person to fly on seven spaceflights.<ref>{{cite web |title=STS-110 Video Highlights |url=http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle109.htm |access-date=28 November 2009 |publisher=[[National Space Society]]}}</ref>
*[[2005]] &ndash; A [[Solar eclipse of April 8, 2005|solar eclipse]] occurs, visible over areas of the [[Pacific Ocean]] and Latin American countries such as [[Costa Rica]], [[Panama]], [[Colombia]] and [[Venezuela]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Partial Solar Eclipse: April 8, 2005 |url=https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEmono/HSE2005/PSE2005.html |access-date=2022-06-10 |website=eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov}}</ref> 
*[[2010]] &ndash; U.S. President [[Barack Obama]] and Russian President [[Dmitry Medvedev]] sign the [[New START|New START Treaty]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-10-07|title=Barack Obama - Key Events {{!}} Miller Center|url=https://millercenter.org/president/barack-obama/key-events|access-date=2022-01-11|website=millercenter.org|language=en}}</ref> 
*[[2014]] &ndash; [[Windows XP]] reaches its standard [[End-of-life product|End Of Life]] and is no longer supported.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Security |first=Microsoft |date=2013-08-15 |title=The Risk of Running Windows XP After Support Ends April 2014 |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2013/08/15/the-risk-of-running-windows-xp-after-support-ends-april-2014/ |access-date=2022-12-05 |website=Microsoft Security Blog |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[2020]] &ndash; [[Bernie Sanders]] ends his [[Bernie Sanders 2020 presidential campaign|presidential campaign]], leaving [[Joe Biden]] as the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]'s nominee.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-08|title=Bernie Sanders, who reshaped US politics, ends 2020 presidential run|url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/apr/08/bernie-sanders-ends-2020-presidential-race|access-date=2022-01-10|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref>
*[[2024]] &ndash; [[Solar eclipse of April 8, 2024]]: A total [[solar eclipse]] takes place at the Moon's [[Orbital node|ascending node]], visible across North America.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Carter |first=Jamie |date=April 8, 2019 |title=Countdown Begins To 'Great North American Eclipse', The Longest, Darkest and Best For 21 Years |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamiecartereurope/2019/04/08/countdown-begins-to-great-north-american-eclipse-the-longest-darkest-and-best-for-21-years/ |access-date=March 23, 2024 |website=Forbes}}</ref>