Editing Arlen Specter (section)

==Early life and education==
Specter was born in [[Wichita, Kansas]], the youngest child of Lillie (née Shanin) and Harry Specter, who grew up in the Bachkuryne village of [[Cherkasy Oblast]], Ukraine. Specter was Jewish,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5gT6kfxIp7ceTXtAo76ZOYv39RPqg?docId=a628fbfcef6349e8a6b41d6918e31e0a |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016032444/http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5gT6kfxIp7ceTXtAo76ZOYv39RPqg?docId=a628fbfcef6349e8a6b41d6918e31e0a |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 16, 2012 |title=The Associated Press: Longtime GOP Senate moderate Arlen Specter dies |access-date=October 16, 2012}}</ref> and wrote in his memoir, ''Passion for Truth'', that his father's family was the only Jewish family in the village.<ref>Specter, ''Passion for Truth'', p. 8.</ref> The family lived at 940 South Emporia Street in Wichita before moving to [[Russell, Kansas]], where he graduated from Russell High School in 1947.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kl_GqvpDelsC&q=Arlen%20Specter%20Russell%20Kansas&pg=PA223 |title=Official Congressional Directory |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |date=October 12, 2005 |access-date=April 8, 2011 |isbn=978-0-16-072467-1}}</ref><ref name="upenn1">{{cite web|url=https://www.law.upenn.edu/live/news/1919-qa-with-senator-arlen-specter|title=Q&A with Senator Arlen Specter (Penn Law News & Stories)|publisher=Law.upenn.edu|date=March 3, 2011|access-date=April 8, 2011}}</ref> Russell is also the hometown of fellow politician [[Bob Dole]] (who graduated from Russell High School in 1941). Specter said that his father weighed items from his junkyard on a scale owned by Dole's father Doran Dole (who owned a granary). He said his brother Morton and Dole's brother Kenny were contemporaries and friends.<ref name="upenn1"/>

Specter's father served in the [[U.S. Infantry|U.S. infantry]] during [[World War I]], and was badly wounded. During the [[Great Depression]], Specter's father was a fruit peddler, a tailor, and a junkyard owner. After graduating from Russell High School,<ref>Specter, ''Passion for Truth'', p. 215.</ref> Arlen Specter studied first at the [[University of Oklahoma]]. He transferred to the [[University of Pennsylvania]], majored in [[international relations]], and graduated [[Phi Beta Kappa]] in 1951. While at Penn, Specter was a member of the [[Pi Lambda Phi]] fraternity. Specter said the family moved to Philadelphia when his sister Shirley was of a marriageable age because there were no other Jews in Russell.<ref name="upenn1"/>

===Military career===
During the [[Korean War]], Specter served stateside in the [[United States Air Force]] from 1951 to 1953 and obtained the rank of [[first lieutenant]] as an officer in the [[Air Force Office of Special Investigations]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://specter.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=AboutArlenSpecter.Timeline|title=About Arlen Specter: Timeline|publisher=United States Senate|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100826123625/http://specter.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=AboutArlenSpecter.Timeline|archive-date=August 26, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Official Congressional Directory, 2009–2010: 111th Congress, Convened January 2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9nL2Bhq3UYIC|page=221|isbn=978-0-16-083727-2|year=2010|publisher=Government Printing Office}}</ref><ref name="PBS 2004">{{cite web|title=Arlen Specter, U.S. Senator|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/vote2004/key-races/pa_specter.html|publisher=PBS|access-date=March 16, 2011|date=September 20, 2004|archive-date=December 1, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201220231/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/vote2004/key-races/pa_specter.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Early legal career and personal life===
In 1953, he married [[Joan Specter|Joan Levy]].<ref name="about marriage">{{cite web|last=Stritof|first=Sheri & Bob|title=Joan Levy and Arlen Specter|url=http://marriage.about.com/od/politics/p/arlenspecter.htm|work=About.com – Marriage|publisher=About.com|access-date=March 30, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404044756/http://marriage.about.com/od/politics/p/arlenspecter.htm|archive-date=April 4, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1979, she was elected to one of the two allotted minority party at-large seats on the [[Philadelphia City Council]]. She held the seat for four terms, until she was defeated for re-election in 1995 by [[Frank Rizzo Jr.]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Joan Specter's Tough Race|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/10/29/us/joan-specter-s-tough-race.html|access-date=March 30, 2013|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=October 29, 1995}}</ref> The couple had two sons.<ref>{{cite news|last=Infield|first=Tom|title=Sen. Specter dies; his fighting spirit praised|url=http://www.philly.com/philly/news/politics/Sen_Specter_has_died.html|access-date=March 30, 2013|newspaper=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date=October 14, 2012}}</ref> Specter graduated from [[Yale Law School]] in 1956, while serving as editor of the ''[[Yale Law Journal]]''. Afterward, Specter opened a law practice, Specter & Katz, with [[Marvin Katz]], who served as a [[Federal District Court]] Judge in [[Philadelphia]], until his death in October 2010.  Specter represented [[Ira Einhorn]], known as "The Unicorn Killer," aiding him to get a very low bail for a murder charge (which Einhorn subsequently jumped).  Specter became an assistant district attorney under [[District Attorney]] [[James C. Crumlish Jr.]], and was a member of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]].