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Arnuwanda I
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==Origins== Arnuwanda's parents are unknown. Because both Arnuwanda and his wife, Queen [[Ašmu-nikal|Ašmu-Nikkal]], are described on their respective seals as the children of [[Tudhaliya II|Tudḫaliya II]] (sometimes called Tudḫaliya I or I/II), this was long interpreted as a marriage between siblings.<ref>Astour 1989: 68; Klengel 1999: 116 n. 144.</ref> This, however, was clearly forbidden by Hittite custom and law,<ref>Beal 1982: 116-117.</ref> and it is now generally agreed that while Ašmu-Nikkal was indeed the daughter of Tudḫaliya II, Arnuwanda was only his son-in-law and possibly adoptive son, as the daughter's ''antiyant'' husband, an acceptable heir in the absence of a son.<ref>Beal 1983: 117-119; Bryce 2005: 128-129; Freu 2007b: 98, 102-103, 117; Weeden 2022: 569.</ref>
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