Editing Ataman (section)

==Etymology==
The etymologies of the words ''ataman'' and ''[[hetman]]'' are disputed. There may be several independent Germanic and Turkic origins for seemingly cognate forms of the words, all referring to the same concept. The ''hetman'' form cognates with German ''[[Hauptmann]]'' ('captain', literally 'head-man') by the way of [[Czech language|Czech]] or [[Polish language|Polish]], like several other titles. The Russian term ''ataman'' is probably connected to [[Old East Slavic]] ''vatamanŭ,'' and cognates with Turkic ''odoman'' ([[Ottoman Turks]]). The term ''ataman'' may have also had a lingual interaction with Polish ''hetman'' and German ''hauptmann''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.yourdictionary.com/ataman|title=ataman |website=YourDictionary|access-date=2019-07-17}}</ref>

Suggestions have been made that the word might be of Turkic origin, literally meaning 'father of horsemen'<ref>{{cite news |title=The Cossacks: A super-ethnos in Russia's ribs |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |date=December 21, 1996}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.cossackweb.narod.ru/cossacks/ataman.htm |title=Ataman |work=Cossackweb.narod.ru |access-date=July 6, 2012}}</ref> or 'father of men', 'pure blooded father,' or 'eldest man,' considering the '-man' suffix in turkic languages means men, person, pure-blooded, or most.<ref>{{cite book|last=Clark |first=Larry|title=Turkmen Reference Grammar|publisher=Harrassowitz  |year=1996|page=4|isbn=9783447040198|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RMe7KpwS3KsC&dq=Turkmen+etymology&pg=PA4}},{{cite book|last=Annanepesov |first=M. |chapter=The Turkmens |title=History of civilizations of Central Asia |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |year=1999 |editor-last=Dani |editor-first1=Ahmad Hasan |page=127|isbn=9789231038761 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AzG5llo3YCMC&dq=Turkmen+etymology&pg=PA127}},{{cite book|last=Golden |first=Peter |title=An introduction to the history of the Turkic peoples : ethnogenesis and state-formation in the medieval and early modern Eurasia and the Middle East |publisher=Harrassowitz |year=1992 |pages=213–214}}.</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RMe7KpwS3KsC&dq=Turkmen+etymology&pg=PA4|title=Turkmen Reference Grammar|publisher=Otto Harrassowitz Verlag|year=1998|isbn=9783447040198}}</ref> Dictionaries assert that the word comes from the [[German language|German]] word {{'}}''Hauptmann''{{'}} which means 'head man', 'headman' or 'chieftain', which entered the [[Russian language]] through [[Polish language|Polish]] {{'}}''hetman''{{'}}.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ataman|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/ataman|url-status=live|website=[[Collins English Dictionary]]|quote=from Russian, from Polish hetman, from German Hauptmann (literally: head man)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120607070607/http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/ataman |archive-date=2012-06-07 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ataman|url=https://www.definitions.net/definition/ataman|url-status=live|access-date=|website=Definitions.net|quote=Etymology: [Russ. ataman': cf. Pol. hetman, G. hauptmann headman, chieftain. Cf. Hetman.]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120629013737/http://www.definitions.net/definition/ataman |archive-date=2012-06-29 }}</ref> {{Crossref|See also {{section link|Hetman#Etymology}}.}}