Editing Austin Flint murmur (section)

==Mechanism==
[[Echocardiography]], conventional and colour flow [[Doppler ultrasound]], and cine [[nuclear magnetic resonance]] (cine NMR) imaging suggest the murmur is the result of (aortic regurgitant) flow impingement on the inner surface of the heart, i.e. the [[endocardium]].<ref>
{{cite journal
 |vauthors=Landzberg JS, Pflugfelder PW, Cassidy MM, Schiller NB, Higgins CB, Cheitlin MD
 |year=1992
 |title=Etiology of the Austin Flint murmur
 |journal=[[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]]
 |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=408–413
 |pmid=1634679
 |doi=10.1016/0735-1097(92)90110-9
|doi-access=
 }}</ref><ref name="pmid18768939">
{{cite journal
 |vauthors=Weir RA, Dargie HJ
 |year=2008
 |title=Austin Flint Murmur
 |journal=[[New England Journal of Medicine]]
 |volume=359 |issue=10 |pages=e11
 |pmid=18768939
 |doi= 10.1056/NEJMicm072437
}}</ref>

===Classical description===
Classically, it is described as being the result of [[mitral valve]] leaflet displacement ''and'' turbulent mixing of anterograde [[mitral valve|mitral]] flow and retrograde [[aortic valve|aortic]] flow:<ref>{{Cite GPnotebook|-167378943|Austin Flint murmur|accessdate=June 4, 2007}}</ref>

'''Displacement:''' The [[blood]] jets from the aortic regurgitation strike the anterior leaflet of the [[mitral valve]], which often results in premature closure of the mitral leaflets. This can be mistaken for mitral stenosis.

'''Turbulence of the two columns of blood:''' Blood from [[left atrium]] to left ventricle and blood from aorta to [[left ventricle]].