Editing Axiom (computer algebra system) (section)

== History ==
Two computer algebra systems named '''Scratchpad''' were developed by [[IBM]]. The first one was started in 1965 by James Griesmer<ref>{{Cite journal|title=James Griesmer 1929--2011|first=John|last=Fitch|date=July 23, 2012|journal=ACM Communications in Computer Algebra|volume=46|issue=1/2|pages=10–11|doi=10.1145/2338496.2338499|s2cid=36788754 |doi-access=free}}</ref> at the request of [[Ralph E. Gomory|Ralph Gomory]], and written in [[Fortran]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nongnu.org/axiom/|title=Axiom Computer Algebra System|website=www.nongnu.org/axiom/}}</ref> The development of this software was stopped before any public release. The second Scratchpad, originally named '''Scratchpad II''', was developed from 1977 on, at [[Thomas J. Watson Research Center]], under the direction of Richard Dimick Jenks.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eecis.udel.edu/~caviness/jenks/jenksbio/|title=Richard D. Jenks Biographical Information|website=www.eecis.udel.edu}}</ref>

The design is principally due to Richard D. Jenks (IBM Research), [[James H. Davenport]] (University of Bath), Barry M. Trager (IBM Research), David Y.Y. Yun (Southern Methodist University) and [[Victor S. Miller]] (IBM Research). Early consultants on the project were David Barton (University of California, Berkeley) and [[James W. Thatcher]] (IBM Research). Implementation included Robert Sutor (IBM Research), Scott C. Morrison (University of California, Berkeley), Christine J. Sundaresan (IBM Research), Timothy Daly (IBM Research), [[Patrizia Gianni]] (University of Pisa), Albrecht Fortenbacher (Universitaet Karlsruhe), [[Stephen M. Watt]] (IBM Research and University of Waterloo), Josh Cohen (Yale University), Michael Rothstein (Kent State University), Manuel Bronstein (IBM Research), Michael Monagan (Simon Fraser University), Jonathan Steinbach (IBM Research), William Burge (IBM Research), Jim Wen (IBM Research), William Sit (City College of New York), and Clifton Williamson (IBM Research)<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783540159841|title=EUROCAL '85 &#124; SpringerLink|website=www.springer.com}}</ref>

Scratchpad II was renamed '''Axiom''' when IBM decided, circa 1990, to make it a commercial product. A few years later, it was sold to [[Numerical Algorithms Group|NAG]]. In 2001, it was withdrawn from the market and re-released under the [[Modified BSD License]]. Since then, the project's lead developer has been Tim Daly.

In 2007, Axiom was [[fork (software development)|forked]] twice, originating two different [[open-source software|open-source]] projects: '''OpenAxiom'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.open-axiom.org/|title=OpenAxiom: The Open Scientific Computation Platform|website=www.open-axiom.org}}</ref> and '''[[FriCAS]]''',<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fricas.github.io/|title=FriCAS 18a5ef5d99c796a89efeac06df40043a85b3d44d — FriCAS|website=fricas.github.io}}</ref> following "serious disagreement about project goals".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fricas.github.io/history.html|title=History — FriCAS|website=fricas.github.io}}</ref> The Axiom project continued to be developed by Tim Daly.

The current research direction is [http://icms-conference.org/2018/sessions/session14/ "Proving Axiom Sane"], that is, logical, rational, judicious, and sound.