Editing Bat Ye'or (section)

==Early life and education==
Bat Ye'or was born into a middle-class [[Jews|Jewish]] family<ref name="jpost"/> in [[Cairo]], [[Kingdom of Egypt]] in 1933. Her father was Italian and had fled Italy during [[Mussolini]]'s rule, and her mother was from France.<ref name="André">{{cite news |last=André |first=Darmon |title= Interview with Bat Ye'or |work= Israel Magazine |date= July 2007 |quote=I was born in Egypt, in Cairo, into a family of the Jewish bourgeoisie, of an Italian father and a French mother. My grandfather, to whom Egyptian nationality was accorded by exception, was crowned Bey by the Ottoman sultan. My father decided to renounce Italian nationality as a result of Mussolini's racist laws, but when Nasser came to power, my mother's goods were confiscated because she was French and my father's because he was Jewish. We were forced to stay home, we were chased out of public places and at that moment we decided to flee Egypt. Many fled secretly from fear of being imprisoned. We were forced, like all Egyptian Jews, to sign papers according to which we renounced all our goods, our passport and our nationality, for those who had it, since the Jews had been for the most part Ottoman subjects and not Egyptian. The Jews promised in writing not to demand anything of the Egyptian State. The only right we had was to take one suitcase, which was searched and thrown to the ground and 20 Egyptian pounds that were taken from us anyway by the customs officials, not to mention the insults and acts of terror in front of my parents, both of whom were invalids.}}</ref> She and her parents fled Egypt in 1957 after the [[Suez Crisis]] of 1956,<ref name=Gilbert>{{cite book |title=A History of the Twentieth Century: 1952–1999 |last= Gilbert |first= Martin |author-link= Martin Gilbert |year=1997 |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |isbn= 9780688100667 |page=142 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=5sohAQAAIAAJ&q=Gisele |access-date=3 August 2012 |quote= Most of those who went elsewhere did so as 'stateless refugees, among them Gisele Orebi (later Gisele Littman), who was to become the acknowledged expert on the plight of Jews and Christians in Muslim lands, and their vigorous champion: her book ''The Dhimmi. Jews and Christians under Islam'', written under the pen name Bat Ye'or, brought the issue of continuing discrimination to a wide public.}}</ref> arriving in London as [[statelessness|stateless refugees]].<ref name="André"/>

In 1958, she attended the [[UCL Institute of Archaeology]] and moved to Switzerland in 1960 to continue her studies at the [[University of Geneva]],<ref name=Interview55>{{cite news |author= Whitehead. John W. |title= Eurabia: The Euro-Arab Axis An interview with Bat Ye'or |publisher=[[Rutherford Institute]] |date=9 June 2005 |url= https://www.rutherford.org/publications_resources/oldspeak/eurabia_the_euro_arab_axis_an_interview_with_bat_yeor |access-date=3 August 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130303211911/https://www.rutherford.org/publications_resources/oldspeak/eurabia_the_euro_arab_axis_an_interview_with_bat_yeor |archive-date=3 March 2013 |url-status= live}}</ref> but never finished her master's degree<ref name=WP1>{{cite news |author=Duin, J.a |title=State of 'dhimmitude' seen as threat to Christians, Jews |newspaper=[[The Washington Times]] |date=30 October 2002 |url= http://www.washingtontimes.com/world/20021030-10490720.htm |access-date=3 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20021101213724/http://www.washingtontimes.com/world/20021030-10490720.htm |archive-date=1 November 2002}}</ref><ref name=MorgEur/> and has never held an academic position.<ref>{{cite web|author= Byrnes, Sholto |title= History rewritten |publisher=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]] |date=28 October 2011 |url= http://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/books/history-rewritten |access-date=26 August 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120422183450/http://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/books/history-rewritten |archive-date=22 April 2012 |url-status= live}}</ref>

She was married to the British historian and activist [[David Littman (activist)|David Littman]] from September 1959 until his death in May 2012. Many of her publications and works were in collaboration with Littman. Her British citizenship dates from her marriage.<ref name=WP1/> They moved to Switzerland in 1960, where she has lived since,<ref name="jpost"/> and together had three children.<ref name="cv">{{cite web|url=http://www.dhimmitude.org/d_bycv.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070602161529/http://www.dhimmitude.org/d_bycv.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 June 2007|title=Bat Ye'or: Curriculum Vitae|date=2 June 2007}}</ref>

She has provided briefings to the [[United Nations]] and the [[United States Congress]] and has given talks at major universities such as [[Georgetown University|Georgetown]], [[Brown University|Brown]], [[Yale University|Yale]], [[Brandeis University|Brandeis]], and [[Columbia University|Columbia]].<ref name=WP1/><ref>{{cite news |author= Poller, Nidra |author-link= Nidra Poller |title=The Brave New World of Eurabia |newspaper=[[The New York Sun]] |date=7 February 2005 |url= http://www.nysun.com/foreign/brave-new-world-of-eurabia/8812/ |access-date=3 August 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120927225106/http://www.nysun.com/foreign/brave-new-world-of-eurabia/8812/ |archive-date=27 September 2012 |url-status= live}}</ref>