Editing Biak Archipelago (section)

==History==

The first recorded sighting by Europeans of the Schouten Islands was by the [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] navigator [[Jorge de Menezes]] in 1526. On the voyage from [[Malacca]] to [[Maluku Islands|Maluku]], via northern Borneo, he was further carried eastward by a storm and strong winds. Jorge de Menezes landed at [[Biak Island|Biak]], where he was forced to winter. Inspired by Malay, Moluccan or local Papuan names, he named the archipelago, and eventually the coasts of western Papua "Islands of Papuas". Biak was thenceforth called in Portuguese maps {{lang|pt|Ilha de Dom Jorge}} or {{lang|pt|Ilha onde invernou Dom Jorge}}, and {{lang|pt|Ilha de S. Jorge}}.<ref>{{cite book
  | last = Kratoska
  | first = Paul H.
  | title = South East Asia, Colonial History: Imperialism before 1800 |volume=1 |series=South East Asia, Colonial History
  | publisher = Taylor & Francis
  | year = 2001
  | location =
  | page = 56
  | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Z9U-FUPS3DkC&q=gaspar+viegas+1537+Jorge+Menezes}}</ref><ref>J. H. F. Sollewun Gelpke, [http://www.papuaweb.org/dlib/bk1/kitlv/bki/gelpke-1993.pdf ''On the Origin of the Name Papua'']</ref>

[[File:The history of mankind (1896) (14783807763).jpg|thumb|Sowek Village in Aruri Islands near [[Supiori Island|Supiori]], c. 1896]]
The archipelago was also sighted by [[Spain|Spanish navigator]] [[Álvaro de Saavedra Cerón|Álvaro de Saavedra]] who landed on [[Yapen]] on June 24, 1528, when trying to return from [[Tidore]] to [[New Spain]]. The islands were named {{lang|es|Islas de Oro}} (Golden Islands in Spanish). In 1545 they were visited by [[Yñigo Ortiz de Retez|Íñigo Ortiz de Retes]] on board the [[galleon]] ''San Juan''.<ref>Coello, Francisco, {{lang|la|italic=no|"Conflicto hispano-alemán"}}, {{lang|es|Boletín de Sociedad Geográfica de Madrid}} XIX. 2nd semester 1885, Madrid, pp. 234, 239, 309, 310, 315, 319.</ref>

[[File:UB Utrecht - Nova Guinea Vol 4 - Karte 2 - Karte des Geelvink-Busens.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.4|1917 map of [[Cenderawasih Bay]] (then Geelvink Bay) including the Schouten Islands {{in lang|de}}]]
The archipelago was first mapped in the Portuguese charts of Gaspar Viegas (c. 1537), an anonymous map of 1540, and on the maps of João de Lisboa and of Bartolomeu Velho (c. 1560), and by other Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch maps.<ref>Luis Filipe F. R. Thomaz, [http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/arch_0044-8613_1995_num_49_1_3038?_Prescripts_Search_tabs1=standard& ''The image of the Archipelago in Portuguese cartography of the 16th and early 17th centuries''], Persee, 1995, Volume 49, pp. 79–124</ref>

The Schouten Islands were eventually named after Dutch explorer [[Willem Schouten]], who explored them in 1615. 

The [[Sultanate of Tidore|Tidore Sultanate]] had tributary ties with the islands. Seafarers from the region used to regularly pay homage to the sultan.<ref>Slama, Martin (2015), [https://books.google.com/books?id=JEp1rgEACAAJ "Papua as an Islamic Frontier: Preaching in 'the Jungle' and the Multiplicity of Spatio-Temporal Hierarchisations"], ''From 'Stone-Age' to 'Real-Time': Exploring Papuan Temporalities, Mobilities and Religiosities'', ANU Press, pp. 243–270, {{ISBN|978-1-925022-43-8}}</ref>