Editing Bottom quark (section)

== Name and history ==
The bottom quark was first described theoretically in 1973 by physicists [[Makoto Kobayashi (physicist)|Makoto Kobayashi]] and [[Toshihide Maskawa]] to explain [[CP violation]].<ref name="KM">
{{cite journal
 |last1=Kobayashi |first1=M.
 |last2=Maskawa |first2=T.
 |title=CP-Violation in the Renormalizable Theory of Weak Interaction
 |journal=[[Progress of Theoretical Physics]]
 |volume=49
 |issue=2
 |pages=652–657
 |year=1973
 |bibcode=1973PThPh..49..652K
 |doi=10.1143/PTP.49.652 |doi-access=free
 |hdl=2433/66179 |hdl-access=free
}}</ref> The name "bottom" was introduced in 1975 by [[Haim Harari]].<ref>
{{cite journal
 |last=Harari |first=H.
 |year=1975
 |title=A new quark model for hadrons
 |journal=[[Physics Letters B]]
 |volume=57 |issue=3 |pages=265–269
 |doi=10.1016/0370-2693(75)90072-6
 |bibcode = 1975PhLB...57..265H
}}</ref><ref>
{{cite book
 |last=Staley |first=K. W.
 |year=2004
 |title=The Evidence for the Top Quark
 |pages=31–33
 |isbn=978-0-521-82710-2
 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]
 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K7z2oUBzB_wC
}}</ref>

The evidence for the bottom quark was first obtained in 1977 by the [[Fermilab]] [[E288 experiment]] team led by [[Leon M. Lederman]], when proton-nucleon collisions produced [[bottomonium]] decaying to pairs of [[muon]]s.<ref name="FermiPress1977"/><ref>
{{cite journal
 |first=L. M. |last=Lederman 
 |year=2005 
 |url=http://www.symmetrymagazine.org/cms/?pid=1000195 
 |title=Logbook: Bottom Quark 
 |journal=[[Symmetry Magazine]] 
 |volume=2 
 |issue=8 
 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061004101845/http://www.symmetrymagazine.org/cms/?pid=1000195 
 |archive-date=4 October 2006
}}</ref><ref>
{{cite journal
 |last1=Herb |first1=S. W.
 |year=1977
 |title=Observation of a Dimuon Resonance at 9.5 GeV in 400-GeV Proton-Nucleus Collisions
 |journal=[[Physical Review Letters]]
 |volume=39 |page=252
 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.39.252
 |bibcode=1977PhRvL..39..252H
 |issue=5
 |last2=Hom |first2=D.
 |last3=Lederman |first3=L.
 |last4=Sens |first4=J.
 |last5=Snyder |first5=H.
 |last6=Yoh |first6=J. |author6-link=John Yoh
 |last7=Appel |first7=J.
 |last8=Brown |first8=B.
 |last9=Brown |first9=C.
 |last10=Innes |first10=W.
 |last11=Ueno |first11=K.
 |last12=Yamanouchi |first12=T.
 |last13=Ito |first13=A.
 |last14=Jöstlein |first14=H.
 |last15=Kaplan |first15=D.
 |last16=Kephart |first16=R.
 |osti=1155396
 |display-authors=etal
 |url=https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1155396
|url-access=subscription
 }}</ref> The discovery was confirmed about a year later by the PLUTO and DASP2 Collaborations at the electron-positron collider [[DORIS (particle accelerator)|DORIS]] at [[DESY]].<ref>{{cite journal | journal = Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on High Energy Physics (Tokyo) | year = 1978 | author = G. Flügge | pages=793–810 | url = https://cds.cern.ch/record/870709/ | title = Particle Spectroscopy}}</ref><ref name=science1978>{{cite journal | title = Particle Physics: New Evidence from Germany for Fifth Quark | journal = Science | year = 1978 | doi=10.1126/science.200.4345.1033 | volume = 200 | pages=1033–1034 | author = Arthur L. Robinson | issue = 4345| bibcode = 1978Sci...200.1033R }}</ref> It was reported at the time that DESY scientists were in favor of the name "beauty", while the American scientists tended towards "bottom".<ref name=science1978 />

Kobayashi and Maskawa won the 2008 [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] for their explanation of CP-violation.<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2008/kobayashi-lecture.html 2008 Physics Nobel Prize lecture by Makoto Kobayashi]</ref><ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2008/maskawa-lecture.html 2008 Physics Nobel Prize lecture by Toshihide Maskawa]</ref>

While the name "beauty" is sometimes used, "bottom" became the predominant usage by analogy of [[top quark|"top"]] and "bottom" to [[up quark|"up"]] and [[down quark|"down"]].{{Citation needed|date=December 2020}}