Editing Box wine (section)

==History==
The process for packaging "cask wine" (boxed wine) was invented by [[Thomas Angove]], a winemaker from [[Renmark, South Australia|Renmark]], [[South Australia]], and patented<ref>{{Cite web |title=IP Australia: AusPat Disclaimer |url=http://pericles.ipaustralia.gov.au/ols/auspat/applicationDetails.do?applicationNo=1964043419 |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=pericles.ipaustralia.gov.au}}</ref> by his company on April 20, 1964.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/eclectic-mix-honoured-on-australia-day-20110126-1a4h9.html |title=Eclectic mix honoured on Australia Day |author1=Crystal Ja |author2=AAP reporters |work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |date=13 September 2009 |access-date=12 March 2012}}</ref>  Polyethylene bladders of one [[imperial unit#Volume|gallon]] (4.5 litres) were placed in [[corrugated box]]es for retail sale. The original design required that the consumer cut the corner off the bladder, pour out the serving of wine, and then reseal it with a special peg.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wine cask |url=http://www.powerhousemuseum.com/australia_innovates/?behaviour=view_article&Section_id=1000&article_id=10021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100425140636/http://www.powerhousemuseum.com/australia_innovates/?behaviour=view_article&Section_id=1000&article_id=10021 |archive-date=2010-04-25 |access-date=27 January 2008 |publisher=[[Powerhouse Museum]]}}</ref> This design was based on a product already on the market, a bag in a box used by mechanics to hold and transport battery acid.<ref>{{Cite news | url=http://www.goodgoonguide.com/who-invented-the-wine-cask/| title=Who Invented The Wine Cask (Goon Box)?| date=2017-08-06| work=Good Goon Guide| access-date=2017-08-26| language=en-US}}</ref>

In 1967, Australian inventor [[Charles Malpas]] and Penfolds Wines patented a plastic, air-tight [[tap (valve)|tap]] welded to a metallised bladder, making storage more convenient.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Flow-tap for bag-in-box packaging patented - Wine History |url=https://winehistory.com.au/wiki/Wine_History/Flow-tap_for_bag-in-box_packaging_patented |access-date=2024-08-04 |website=winehistory.com.au}}</ref> Modern wine casks use plastic taps which can be exposed by tearing away a [[perforation|perforated]] panel on the box. For the following decades, 'bag in a box' packaging was primarily preferred by producers of less expensive wines, as they were cheaper to produce and distribute than glass [[flagon]]s, which served a similar market.

In Australia, due to the difference in how wine is taxed compared to other alcoholic beverages,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Office|first=Australian Taxation|title=Wine equalisation tax|url=https://www.ato.gov.au/Business/Wine-equalisation-tax/?default|access-date=2020-07-15|publisher=Australian Taxation Office|language=en-AU}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Excise rates for alcohol|url=https://www.ato.gov.au/Business/Excise-and-excise-equivalent-goods/Alcohol-excise/Excise-rates-for-alcohol/?default|access-date=2020-07-15|website=www.ato.gov.au|language=en-AU}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The goon show: How the tax system works to subsidise cheap wine and alcohol consumption|url=https://www.tai.org.au/content/goon-show-how-tax-system-works-subsidise-cheap-wine-and-alcohol-consumption-1|access-date=2020-07-15|website=The Australia Institute|date=8 July 2015|language=en}}</ref> boxed wine is often the least expensive form of drinkable alcohol.<ref>{{Cite web|title=r/australia - What are the best options for Cheap Alcohol in australia |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/australia/comments/3eng3o/what_are_the_best_options_for_cheap_alcohol_in/ |access-date=2020-07-15|website=reddit|date=26 July 2015|language=en-US}}</ref> A 4-[[litre]] cask of at least 9.5% alcohol can often be found for around {{AUD|10}}.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sonata Estate Fresh Dry White Cask 4L|url=https://www.danmurphys.com.au/product/DM_772655/sonata-estate-fresh-dry-white-cask-4l|access-date=2020-07-15|website=www.danmurphys.com.au}}</ref> These attributes have led to boxed wine being widely available throughout Australia and holding a prominent place in Australian pop culture.<ref>{{Cite web|title=We Asked Australia's Best Sommelier to Find the Nicest, Cheapest Goon|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/we-asked-australias-best-sommelier-to-find-the-nicest-cheapest-goon/|access-date=2020-07-15|website=Vice |date=11 May 2016 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Prestipino|first=David|date=2014-08-21|title=Yeah, we went there: road testing five Australian cask red wines|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/yeah-we-went-there-road-testing-five-australian-cask-red-wines-20140822-106tlg.html|access-date=2020-07-15|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en}}</ref>

[[File:Bladder pack.JPG|thumb|right|upright=1|"Bag-in-box" packaging is used for boxed wine as well as other drinks]]

During the mid-1970s, the bag-in-box packaging concept expanded to other beverages, including spring waters, orange juices, and wine coolers.

In 2003, California [[Central Coast AVA]] based Black Box Wines introduced mass premium wines in a box.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boxed wine and snobbish notions |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2004-01-07-0401060837-story.html |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=Baltimore Sun|date=7 January 2004 }}</ref> Within the decade, premium wineries and bottlers began packaging their own high-quality boxed wine.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-05 |title=Ultrapremium boxed wine? Yes, that's coming to the North Coast |url=https://www.northbaybusinessjournal.com/article/industrynews/rise-of-california-north-coast-ultrapremium-boxed-wine/ |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=The North Bay Business Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> This, coupled with an increased cultural interest in [[sustainable packaging|environmentally sustainable packaging]], has cultivated growing popularity with affluent wine consumers.<ref name=tcnyt>{{Cite web |last=Colman |first=Tyler |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/18/opinion/18colman.html |title=Drink Outside the Box |work=The New York Times |date=August 17, 2008}}</ref>