Editing Brainstorming (section)

==History==
In 1939, advertising executive [[Alex F. Osborn]] began developing methods for [[creative problem-solving]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Developing Creative Leadership|last1=Parker|first1=Jeanette|last2=Begnaud|first2=Lucy|publisher=Teacher Ideas Press|year=2004|isbn=978-1563086311|location=Portsmouth, NH|pages=20}}</ref> He was frustrated by employees' inability to develop creative ideas individually for ad campaigns. In response, he began hosting group-thinking sessions and discovered a significant improvement in the quality and quantity of ideas produced by employees. He first termed the process as ''organized ideation'', but participants later came up with the term "brainstorm sessions", taking the concept after the use of "the brain to storm a problem".<ref>{{Cite book |title=Managing Technology Entrepreneurship and Innovation |last1=Trott |first1=Paul |last2=Hartmann |first2=Dap |last3=van der Duin |first3=Patrick |last4=Scholten |first4=Victor |last5=Ortt |first5=Roland |publisher=Routledge |year=2016 |isbn=9780415677219 |location=Oxon |pages=63 }}</ref>

During the period when Osborn made his concept, he started writing on creative thinking, and the first notable book where he mentioned the term brainstorming was ''How to Think Up'' (1942).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imindq.com/brainstorming |title=What is Brainstorming and How Is It Helpful? |access-date=2018-04-17 }}</ref>

Osborn outlined his method in the subsequent book ''Your Creative Power'' (1948), in chapter 33, "How to Organize a Squad to Create Ideas".<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Lehrer |first=Jonah |title=Groupthink: the brainstorming myth |url=https://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2012/01/30/120130fa_fact_lehrer |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |date=2012-01-30 |access-date= 2013-10-23 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.60231/page/n291/mode/2up?view=theater | title=Your Creative Power | year=1948 }}</ref>

One of Osborn's key recommendations was for all the members of the brainstorming group to be provided with a clear statement of the problem to be addressed prior to the actual brainstorming session.<ref name=":0" /> He also explained that the guiding principle is that the problem should be simple and narrowed down to a single target.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Problem Solving and Decision Making: Hard, Soft and Creative Approaches|last=Hicks|first=Michael|publisher=Cengage Learning EMEA|year=2004|isbn=1861526172|pages=387|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uCvbEtCBBGQC}}</ref> Here, brainstorming is not believed to be effective in complex problems because of a change in opinion over the desirability of restructuring such problems. While the process can address the problems in such a situation, tackling all of them may not be feasible.<ref name=":1" />