Editing CD-i (section)

==Specifications==
Development of the "Compact Disc-Interactive" format began in 1984 (two years after the launch of the [[Compact disc]]) and it was first publicly announced by [[Philips]] and [[Sony]] – two of the largest electronics companies of the time – at [[Microsoft]]'s [[CD-ROM]] Conference in [[Seattle]] in March 1986.<ref name="New Computer Express 086">{{Cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/NewComputerExpress086/page/n1 |title=New Computer Express 086}}</ref><ref>(2005). [http://www.philipscdi.com/history.htm History of the Philips CD-i] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725103840/http://www.philipscdi.com/history.htm |date=July 25, 2017 }}, Philipscdi.com.</ref><ref name="Cole1996">{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/network-hardware-brave-but-too-clever-by-half-1347183.html |date=13 May 1996 |title=Network hardware: Brave, but too clever by half |last=Cole |first=George |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |publisher=Independent Print Ltd. |access-date=September 4, 2018 |archive-date=September 4, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904203405/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/network-hardware-brave-but-too-clever-by-half-1347183.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Microsoft's CEO [[Bill Gates]] had no idea beforehand that the format was under development.<ref name="dvorak.org">{{Cite web |url=http://www.dvorak.org/blog/whatever-happened-to-compact-disc-interactive-aka-cdi/ |date=November 26, 2006 |title=Whatever Happened to Compact Disk Interactive? |first=John C. |last=Dvorak |work=Dvorak News Blog  |access-date=October 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929232408/http://www.dvorak.org/blog/whatever-happened-to-compact-disc-interactive-aka-cdi/ |archive-date=September 29, 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The ''Green Book'', formally known as the "CD-i Full Functional Specification", defined the format for interactive, multimedia compact discs designed for CD-i players. The ''Green Book'' specification also defines a whole hardware set built around the [[Motorola 68000]] microprocessor family, and an operating system called CD-RTOS based on [[OS-9]], a product of [[Microware]].<ref>{{Cite journal |jstor=44427400 |title=History in the Making: A Report from Microsoft's First International Conference on CD ROM |journal=Educational Technology |volume=26 |issue=7 |pages=16–19 |last1=Rosen |first1=David |year=1986}}</ref> The standard was originally not freely available and had to be licensed from Philips.<ref name="greenbook">{{cite web| url=http://www.ip.philips.com/licensing/program/15/cd-disc-joint/description_detailed| title=Philips Licensing Programs}}</ref> However, the 1994 version of the standard was eventually made available free by Philips.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lscdweb.com/data/downloadables/2/8/cdi_may94_r2.pdf |title=Green Book Version May 1994, Release 2 |access-date=October 9, 2019 |archive-date=August 9, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809203405/https://www.lscdweb.com/data/downloadables/2/8/cdi_may94_r2.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

CD-i discs conform to the ''[[Compact Disc Digital Audio|Red Book]]'' specification of audio CDs (CD-DA). Tracks on a CD-i's program area can be CD-DA tracks or CD-i tracks, but the first track must always be a CD-i track, and all CD-i tracks must be grouped together at the beginning of the area. CD-i tracks are structured according to the [[CD-ROM XA]] specification (using either Mode 2 Form 1 or Mode 2 Form 2 modes), and have different classes depending on their contents ("data", "video", "audio", "empty" and "message"). "Message" sectors contain audio data to warn users of [[CD player]]s that the track they are trying to listen to is a CD-i track and not a CD-DA track.<ref name="greenbook" /> The CD-i specification also specifies a [[file system]] similar to (but not compatible with) [[ISO 9660]] to be used on CD-i tracks, as well as certain specific files that are required to be present in a CD-i compatible disc.<ref name="greenbook" /> Compared to the ''Yellow Book'' (specification for CD-ROM), the ''Green Book'' CD-i standard solves synchronisation problems by interleaving audio and video information on a single track.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/ElectronicEntertainment08Aug1994/page/n105 |title=Electronic Entertainment 08 August 1994 |date=August 1994}}</ref>

The format quickly gained interest from large manufacturers, and received backing from many particularly [[Matsushita Corporation|Matsushita]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://archive.org/stream/DM-V1N02/DM-V1N02_djvu.txt |title=Digital Media: Volume 1, Number 2, July 1991 |publisher=Seybold Publications |date=July 1991}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://archive.org/stream/PC_Review_Issue_10_1992-08_EMAP_Images_GB/PC_Review_Issue_10_1992-08_EMAP_Images_GB_djvu.txt |title=PC Review - Issue 10 (1992-08)(EMAP Images)(GB) |date=August 1992}}</ref> Although a joint effort, Philips eventually took over the majority of CD-i development at the expense of Sony.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=1006 |title=Philips CD-i |work=old-computers.com |access-date=October 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191003233851/http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=1006 |archive-date=October 3, 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Philips invested many millions in developing titles and players based on the CD-i specification.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/DM-V1N04/page/n15|title=Digital Media: Volume 1, Number 4, September 1991|date=September 1991|publisher=Seybold Publications}}</ref> Initially branded "CD-I", the name was changed in 1991 to "CD-i" with a lowercase [[i]].

The [[CD-i Ready]] format is a type of bridge format, also designed by Philips, that defines discs compatible with [[CD player|CD Digital audio players]] and CD-i players. This format puts CD-i software and data into the [[Pregap#Computer data in pregap|pregap]] of Track 1.

The [[CD-i Bridge]] format, defined in Philips' White Book, is a transitional format allowing bridge discs to be played both on [[CD-ROM]] drives and on CD-i players.

The [[CD-i Digital Video]] format was launched in 1993 containing movies that could be played on CD-i players with a Digital Video Cartridge add-on. The format was incompatible with [[Video CD]] (VCD), although a CD-i unit with the DVC could play both formats. Only about 20 movies were released on the format and it was stopped in 1995 in favor of VCD.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://obsoletemedia.org/cd-i-digital-video/| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211031/https://obsoletemedia.org/cd-i-digital-video/| url-status=live |  archive-date=2021-10-31|title=CD-i Digital Video (1993 - 1994)|date=July 2, 2016}}{{cbignore}}</ref>