Editing CSA Group (section)

==History==
During [[World War I]], lack of interoperability between  technical resources led to frustration, injury, and death. Britain requested that Canada form a standards committee.{{citation needed|date=November 2016}}

Sir [[John Kennedy (engineer)|John Kennedy]], as chairman of the Civil Engineers' Canadian Advisory Committee, led the investigation into the necessity of an independent Canadian standards organization. As a result, the Canadian Engineering Standards Association (CESA) was established in 1919.<ref name="Castaldi1989">{{cite book|author=Cosmo R. Castaldi|title=Safety in Ice Hockey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZpTAd_6IgksC&pg=PA208|year=1989|publisher=ASTM International|isbn=978-0-8031-1274-2|pages=208–}}</ref> CESA was federally chartered to create standards.<ref name="csagroup1"/> At the beginning, they attended to specific needs: aircraft parts, bridges, building construction, electrical work, and wire rope. The first standards issued by CESA were for steel railway bridges, in 1920.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}

[[File:CSA mark.svg|100px|thumb|right|The CSA certification mark]]
In 1927, CESA published the [[Canadian Electrical Code]].<ref name="Castaldi1989" /> Enforcing the code called for product testing, and in 1933, the [[Ontario Hydro|Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario]] became the sole source for testing nationwide. In 1940, CESA assumed responsibility for testing and certifying electrical products intended for sale and installation in Canada. CESA was renamed the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) in 1944.<ref name="Castaldi1989" /> The certification mark was introduced in 1946.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}

<!--This paragraph edited from [[CSA_keyboard#History]] and should probably be synced with it. -->
Known in the French-language as ''Association canadienne de normalisation'', CSA used the French-language acronym of '''ACNOR'''. The initialism "CSA" is now used in both official languages.<ref name=CSA-Apropos>[http://www.csa.ca/cm/ca/fr/about-csa À propos] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110411090812/http://www.csa.ca/cm/ca/fr/about-csa |date=11 April 2011 }}</ref>

In the 1950s, CSA established international alliances in Britain, Japan, and the Netherlands, to expand its scope in testing and certification. Testing labs were expanded from their first in Toronto, to labs in Montreal, Vancouver, and Winnipeg.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}

In the 1960s, CSA developed national occupational health and safety standards, creating standards for headgear and safety shoes. By the late 1960s and early 1970s, the CSA began to expand its involvement in consumer standards, including bicycles, credit cards, and child resistant packaging for drugs.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}

[[Tom Pashby]] became chairman of the CSA in 1975, serving for two decades to set standards for manufacturers of [[ice hockey helmet]]s and lacrosse helmets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Capturing a country through sport: The pioneers|last1=Gillespie|first1=Kerry|last2=Smith|first2=Doug|date=June 25, 2017|work=[[Toronto Star]]|location=Toronto, Ontario|url=https://www.thestar.com/sports/2017/06/25/capturing-a-country-through-sport-the-pioneers.html|access-date=October 29, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Tom Pashby: Hockey helmet pioneer|last1=Colbourn|first1=Glen|last2=Kalchman|first2=Lois|agency=[[The Canadian Press]]|date=August 27, 2005|newspaper=[[Montreal Gazette|The Gazette]]|location=Montreal, Quebec|page=13|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/112259983/pashby-2005/}}{{free access}}</ref>

In 1984, CSA established QMI, the Quality Management Institute for registration of ISO9000 and other standards. In 1999, CSA International was established to provide international product testing and certification services while CSA shifted its primary focus to standards development and training. In 2001, these three divisions were joined under the name ''CSA Group''.  In 2004, OnSpeX was launched as the fourth division of CSA Group. In 2008, QMI was sold to SAI-Global for $40 million.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}

In 2009, CSA purchased [[Sira (group of British companies)|SIRA]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gethazloc.com/newsandevents/SIRA_News_Release_July_3_2009.pdf |title=SIRA news release |date=July 3, 2009 |access-date=2012-10-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120706135128/http://www.gethazloc.com/newsandevents/SIRA_News_Release_July_3_2009.pdf |archive-date=2012-07-06 }}</ref>