Editing Caesar salad (section)

== History ==
[[File:HotelCaesar.JPG|thumb|left|[[Caesar's|Hotel Caesar's]] in [[Avenida Revolución]] in [[Tijuana]]]]
[[File:Hotel Caesars poster (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|A poster inside Hotel Caesar's saying "Home of the legendary Caesar's Salad"]]
<!-- Please do not add the claim that this salad is attributed to Julius Caesar. Reliable sources do not exist for this claim, so if it is added, it will just be deleted again. -->

The salad's creation is generally attributed to the restaurateur [[Caesar Cardini]], an Italian immigrant who operated restaurants in Mexico and the United States.<ref name="obit">{{cite news |date=5 November 1956 |title=Cesar Cardini, Creator of Salad, Dies at 60 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |quote=Caesar Cardini, 60, credited with the invention of the Caesar salad, died [...]}}</ref> Cardini lived in [[San Diego]], but ran one of his restaurants, [[Caesar's]], in [[Tijuana]], Mexico, to attract American customers seeking to circumvent the restrictions of [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]]. His daughter, Rosa, recounted that her father invented the salad at the Tijuana restaurant when a [[Independence Day (United States)|Fourth of July]] rush in 1924 depleted the kitchen's supplies. Cardini made do with what he had, adding the dramatic flair of table-side tossing by the chef.<ref name="Rosa1">{{cite news |date=21 September 2003 |title=Rosa Cardini |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1442086/Rosa-Cardini.html |access-date=10 February 2012 |archive-date=27 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327103223/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1442086/Rosa-Cardini.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Some other accounts of the history state that Alex Cardini, Caesar Cardini's brother, made the salad, and that the salad was previously named the "Aviator Salad" because it was made for aviators who traveled over during Prohibition.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ryan |first=Patrick Spaulding |date=31 December 2022 |title=Una Corrida Extraordinaria |url=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4316277 |website=SSRN|ssrn=4316277 }}</ref> A number of Cardini's staff have also said that they invented the dish.<ref name="grant">{{cite web |last=Grant |first=Dorothy |date=15 June 2007 |title=Hail to all fathers, and hail Caesar! |url=http://www.tcpalm.com/lifestyle/columnists/bdorothy-grantb-hail-to-all-fathers-and-hail-caesar-ep-406261705-339371201.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308174344/http://www.tcpalm.com/lifestyle/columnists/bdorothy-grantb-hail-to-all-fathers-and-hail-caesar-ep-406261705-339371201.html |archive-date=8 March 2016 |access-date=17 December 2020 |website=[[TCPalm]] }}In , D. Grant quotes Aviator's salad and more (2007)</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The History of Caesar Salad |url=http://www.kitchenproject.com/history/CaesarSalad/index.htm |access-date=18 December 2020 |website=Kitchen Project |archive-date=2 July 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702083956/http://www.kitchenproject.com/history/CaesarSalad/index.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> A popular myth attributes its invention to [[Julius Caesar]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Birrell |first=Nicki |date=July 4, 2024 |title=Caesar Centenary: What's the story behind the famous salad? |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/lifestyle/caesar-centenary-whats-the-story-behind-the-famous-salad/B4A3ERCRQBHGRG2TGZVBFQIYVY/ |access-date=July 10, 2024 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=O'Conner |first1=Patricia T |author-link1=Patricia T. O'Conner |title=Origins of the Specious: Myths and Misconceptions of the English Language |last2=Kellerman |first2=Stewart |author-link2=Stewart Kellerman |publisher=[[Random House]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-4000-6660-5 |location=New York |page=75}}</ref> A 2024 book<ref name="s242">{{cite book |last=Poblete |first=Claudio |title=Caesar: La Ensalada Mas Famosa |date=2024-07-12 |publisher=Larousse |isbn=978-607-21-2748-7}}</ref> confirmed the claim that Caesar Cardini originated the recipe. Livio Santini's son, Aldo, countered that his father provided the recipe while working as a cook in Cardini's restaurant.<ref name="u932">{{cite web |last=Jinich |first=Pati |date=2024-07-01 |title=The Century-Long Saga of the Caesar Salad |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/01/dining/caesar-salad.html |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=The New York Times}}</ref>

The American chef and writer [[Julia Child]] said that she had eaten a Caesar salad at [[Caesar's|Cardini's restaurant]] in her youth during the 1920s, made with whole [[romaine lettuce]] leaves, which were meant to be lifted by the stem and eaten with the fingers, tossed with olive oil, salt, pepper, lemon juice, [[Worcestershire sauce]], [[coddled egg]]s, [[Parmesan]], and [[Crouton|croutons]] made with garlic-infused oil.<ref name="child">{{cite book |last1=Child |first1=Julia |url=https://archive.org/details/fromjuliachildsk00chil |title=From Julia Child's Kitchen |last2=Child |first2=Paul |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf |year=1975 |isbn=978-0-394-48071-8 |location=New York |author-link=Julia Child|pages=431–433}}</ref> In 1946, the newspaper columnist [[Dorothy Kilgallen]] wrote of a Caesar containing anchovies, differing from Cardini's version:

<blockquote>The big food rage in Hollywood—the Caesar salad—will be introduced to New Yorkers by Gilmore's Steak House. It's an intricate concoction that takes ages to prepare and contains (zowie!) lots of garlic, raw or slightly coddled eggs, croutons, romaine, anchovies, parmeasan{{Sic}} cheese, olive oil, vinegar and plenty of black pepper.<ref name="kilgallen">{{cite news |last=Kilgallen |first=Dorothy |date=1946-08-02 |title=The Voice of Broadway |pages=4 |work=The News-Herald (Franklin, Pennsylvania) |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2731250/early-caesar-salad-reference/ |access-date=2020-12-18 |archive-date=2 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201102134651/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2731250/early-caesar-salad-reference/ |url-status=live }}</ref></blockquote>

In a 1952 interview, Cardini said the salad became well known in 1937, when [[Manny Wolf]], story editor and [[Paramount Pictures]] writer's department head, provided the recipe to Hollywood restaurants.<ref name="stuff/10429532">{{cite news |last1=Hawkes |first1=Graham |title=Hail, Caesar's salad |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/southland-times/news/10429532/Hail-Caesars-salad |access-date=13 February 2023 |publisher=Stuff|location=New Zealand |date=27 August 2014 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="kitchenproject/CaesarSalad">{{cite web |title=The History of Caesar Salad |url=https://www.kitchenproject.com/history/CaesarSalad/ |website=kitchenproject.com |access-date=13 February 2023}}</ref>

In the 1970s, Child published a recipe in her book ''[[From Julia Child's Kitchen]]'', based on an interview with Cardini's daughter, in which the ingredients are tossed one-at-a-time with the lettuce leaves.<ref name=child/> Cardini's daughter and several other sources have testified that the original recipe used only [[Worcestershire sauce]], not anchovies, mustard, or herbs, which Cardini considered too bold in flavor.<ref name=variations>{{cite news |last1=Witchel |first1=Alex |title=Great Caesar's Ghost! Where's My Anchovy? |work=The New York Times |date=7 March 2001 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/07/dining/great-caesar-s-ghost-where-s-my-anchovy.html |access-date=1 October 2022}}</ref><ref name=child/> Modern recipes typically include anchovies as a key ingredient, and are frequently emulsified or based on [[mayonnaise]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The Best Caesar salad |url=https://www.seriouseats.com/amp/2013/10/ask-the-food-lab-caesar-salad-recipe.html |access-date=30 May 2018 |website=Seriouseats.com |archive-date=12 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143727/https://www.seriouseats.com/amp/2013/10/ask-the-food-lab-caesar-salad-recipe.html |url-status=live }}</ref>