Editing Calibrated airspeed (section)

==Practical applications of CAS==

CAS has two primary applications in aviation:

* for navigation, CAS is traditionally calculated as one of the steps between indicated airspeed and true airspeed;
* for aircraft control, CAS (and EAS) are the primary reference points, since they describe the dynamic pressure acting on aircraft surfaces regardless of density, altitude, wind, and other conditions. EAS is used as a reference by aircraft designers, but EAS cannot be displayed correctly at varying altitudes by a simple (single capsule) airspeed indicator. CAS is therefore a standard for calibrating the airspeed indicator such that CAS equals EAS at sea level pressure and approximates EAS at higher altitudes.

With the widespread use of [[Global Positioning System|GPS]] and other advanced navigation systems in cockpits, the first application is rapidly decreasing in importance &ndash; pilots are able to read groundspeed (and often true airspeed)
directly, without calculating calibrated airspeed as an intermediate step. The second application remains critical, however &ndash; for example, at the same weight, an aircraft will rotate and climb at approximately the same calibrated airspeed at any elevation, even though the true airspeed and groundspeed may differ significantly. These [[V speeds]] are usually given as IAS rather than CAS, so that a pilot can read them directly from the airspeed indicator.