Editing Calliope (section)

==Mythology==
Calliope had two famous sons, [[Orpheus]]<ref name="H&E">Hoopes And Evslin,''The Greek Gods''. {{ISBN|0-590-44110-8}}, {{ISBN|0-590-44110-8}}, 1995, page 77. "His father was a Thracian king; his mother the muse Calliope. For a while, he lived on Parnassus with his mother and his eight beautiful aunts and there met Apollo who was courting the laughing muse Thalia. Apollo was taken with Orpheus, gave him his little golden lyre, and taught him to play. And his mother taught him to make verses for singing."</ref> and [[Linus of Thrace|Linus]],<ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Pseudo-Apollodorus]], ''Bibliotheca'' 2.4.9: "This Linus was a brother of Orpheus; he came to Thebes and became a Theban."</ref> by either [[Apollo]] or King [[Oeagrus]] of [[Thrace]]. She taught Orpheus verses for singing.<ref name="H&E"/> According to Hesiod, she was also the wisest of the Muses, as well as the most assertive. Calliope married Oeagrus in [[Pimpleia]], a town near [[Mount Olympus]].<ref>[[Apollonius of Rhodes]], ''[[Argonautica]]'' 1.2.23–34: "First then let us name Orpheus whom once Calliope bare, it is said, wedded to Thracian Oeagrus, near the Pimpleian height. Men say that he by the music of his songs charmed the stubborn rocks upon the mountains and the course of rivers. And the wild oak-trees to this day, tokens of that magic strain, that grow at Zone on the Thracian shore, stand in ordered ranks close together, the same which under the charm of his lyre he led down from Pieria."</ref> She is said to have defeated the daughters of [[Pierus (king of Macedonia)|Pierus]], king of Thessaly, in a singing match, and then, to punish their presumption, turned them into [[magpies]].<ref>[[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/141#5.294 5.294–340], [https://topostext.org/work/141#5.662 662–678]</ref>

In some accounts, Calliope is the mother of the [[Korybantes|Corybantes]] by her father Zeus.<ref>[[Strabo]], ''[[Geographica]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/144#10.3.19 10.3.19]</ref> Phrontis, thought by [[Daniel Albert Wyttenbach]] as the mother of [[Lysis of Taras|Lysis]], is also described as Calliope's daughter according to [[Plutarch]]'s ''[[Moralia]]''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Plutarch |year=1927 |title=Plutarch's Moralia |url=https://archive.org/details/plutarchsmoralia10plut_0/page/368/mode/2up?q=calliope |url-status=live |website=The Internet Archive |publisher=Cambridge University Press; Harvard University Press |pages=368-369}}</ref>

She was sometimes believed to be [[Homer]]'s muse for the ''[[Iliad]]'' and the ''[[Odyssey]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nagy|first=Gregory|date=2018-08-16|title=A re-invocation of the Muse for the Homeric Iliad|url=https://classical-inquiries.chs.harvard.edu/a-re-invocation-of-the-muse-for-the-homeric-iliad/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-03-18|website=Classical Inquiries|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430172423/https://classical-inquiries.chs.harvard.edu/a-re-invocation-of-the-muse-for-the-homeric-iliad/ |archive-date=2019-04-30 }}</ref> The Roman epic poet [[Virgil]] invokes her in the ''[[Aeneid]]'' ("Aid, O Calliope, the martial song!") <ref>Virgil, ''Aeneid'' 9.525</ref> In some cases, she is said to be the mother of [[Siren (mythology)|Sirens]] by the [[River gods (Greek mythology)|river-god]] [[Achelous]].<ref>[[Maurus Servius Honoratus|Servius]], ''Commentary on Virgil's Aeneid'' 5.864</ref> Another account adds that Calliope bore [[Rhesus of Thrace|Rhesus]] to the river-god [[Strymon (mythology)|Strymon]].<ref>[[Euripides]], ''[[Rhesus (play)|Rhesus]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/50#342 347]; [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [https://topostext.org/work/150#1.3.4 1.3.4]</ref>