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Cape Dutch
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==Nomenclature== At the onset of British rule in the Cape Colony, the preexisting population of European origin settled during the Dutch era was universally classified by the new colonial government as "Hollanders" or "Dutch".<ref name=Englishes>{{cite book|last=Van Rooy|first=Bertus|editor1-last=Filppula|editor1-first=Markku|editor2-last=Klemola|editor2-first=Juhani|editor3-last=Devyani|editor3-first=Sharma|editor3-link=Devyani Sharma|title=The Oxford Handbook of Old Englishes|date=2017|page=526|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0199777716}}</ref> In 1805, a relative majority still represented old Dutch families brought to the Cape during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries; however, close to one-fourth of this demographic group was of German origin and one-sixth, of [[Huguenots in South Africa|French Huguenot descent]].<ref name="Boeren">Colenbrander, Herman. ''{{lang|nl|De Afkomst Der Boeren}} (1902)''. Kessinger Publishing 2010. {{ISBN|978-1167481994}}.</ref> Nevertheless, to the British authorities they represented a rather homogeneous bloc which could be easily distinguished by their common use of the Dutch language and shared adherence to the [[Dutch Reformed Church]].<ref name=Afrikaners>{{cite book|last=Giliomee|first=Hermann|title=The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa|date=1991|pages=21β28|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|isbn=978-0520074200}}</ref> Among the colonists themselves there had developed a notion of a [[Boer]] people; although the term could denote any Dutch-speaking white settler it was usually only the impoverished pastoral farmers on the colony's frontier who applied this concept to themselves and formed a unique subgroup accordingly.<ref name=Afrikaners/> In response, British immigrants and officials adopted the informal moniker "Cape Dutch" to distinguish between the better educated, wealthier Dutch speakers concentrated in the Western Cape and the self-styled "Boers", whom they considered ignorant, illiterate, and uncouth.<ref name=Afrikaners/> "Cape Dutch" may thus be regarded correctly as an English description rather than any sense of self-concept.<ref name=Afrikaners/> When first introduced, the term was not actually used by Dutch-speaking whites in the Western Cape to describe themselves, and the idea of a unique Cape Dutch identity did not find widespread expression until the 1870s.<ref name=Manners>{{cite book|last=Ross|first=Robert|title=Status and Respectability in the Cape Colony, 1750β1870: A Tragedy of Manners|url=https://archive.org/details/statusrespectabi00ross|url-access=limited|date=1999|pages=[https://archive.org/details/statusrespectabi00ross/page/n62 47]β58|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0521621229}}</ref> The term's explicit connotation to the Netherlands, and the indiscriminate manner in which it was applied by English speakers, also sparked a revival of interest among colonists of German or French origin in their ancestral roots.<ref name=Manners/>
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