Editing Carcharodontosaurus (section)

==Discovery and species==
=== Initial finds ===
[[File:Lost holotype teeth of Carcharodontosaurus saharicus.png|thumb|left|250x250px|Lost original teeth of ''C. saharicus'' (Fig. 1-2), the [[lectotype]] being at the top (Fig. 1)]]
In 1924, two teeth of ''Carcharodontosaurus'' were unearthed from wall cuts in different [[Qanat|foggaras]] near [[Timimoun]], [[French Algeria]]. These sediments came from the [[Cretaceous]]-aged<ref name=":14">{{Cite journal |last1=Benyoucef |first1=Madani |last2=Pérez-García |first2=Adán |last3=Bendella |first3=Mohamed |last4=Ortega |first4=Francisco |last5=Vullo |first5=Romain |last6=Bouchemla |first6=Imad |last7=Ferré |first7=Bruno |date=2022 |title=The 'mid'-Cretaceous (Lower Cenomanian) Continental Vertebrates of Gara Samani, Algeria. Sedimentological Framework and Palaeodiversity |journal=Frontiers in Earth Science |volume=10 |page=927059 |doi=10.3389/feart.2022.927059 |bibcode=2022FrEaS..10.7059B |doi-access=free }}</ref> [[Continental intercalaire|Continental intercalaire Formation]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last1=Depéret |first1=Charles |last2=Savornin |first2=Justin |date=1927 |title=La faune de reptiles et de poisons albiens de Timimoun (Sahara algérien) |journal=Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France |volume=27 |pages=257–265 |url=https://patrimoine.sorbonne-universite.fr/viewer/2708/?offset=#page=293&viewer=picture&o=&n=0&q=}}</ref> The fossils were taken to the governor of Timimoun, Captain Burté, who gave them to French geologist [[Charles Depéret]] later that year. In 1925, Depéret and his colleague [[Justin Savornin]] [[Species description|described]] the teeth as coming of a new species of [[Theropoda|theropod]] dinosaur, ''[[Megalosaurus]] saharicus''. These were the first fossils of theropods to be described from the region. The [[specific name]] ''saharicus'' refers to the [[Sahara|Sahara Desert]] where the teeth had been found.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Depéret |first1=Charles |last2=Savornin |first2=Justin |date=1925 |title=Sur la découverte d'une faune de vertébrés albiens à Timimoun (Sahara occidental) |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3134w/f1108.item.r=saharicus |journal=Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences |volume=181 |pages=1108–1111}}</ref> The genus ''Megalosaurus'' was a [[wastebasket taxon]], with many new species referred to it without justification, including ''M.&nbsp;saharicus''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Benson |first1=Roger B. J. |last2=Barrett |first2=Paul M. |last3=Powell |first3=H. Philip |last4=Norman |first4=David B. |date=2008 |title=The taxonomic status of ''Megalosaurus bucklandii'' (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Middle Jurassic of Oxfordshire, UK |journal=Palaeontology |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=419–424 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-4983.2008.00751.x |bibcode=2008Palgy..51..419B |s2cid=83324840 |doi-access=free }}</ref> It was later considered to be a species of ''[[Dryptosaurus]]'' in 1927,<ref name=":3" /> though this is unjustified.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last=von Huene|first=Friedrich|year=1956|title=Palaeontologie und Phylogenie der Niederen Tetrapoden|publisher=VEB Gustav Fischer Verlang|volume=1|place=[[Jena]]|pages=716|oclc=489883421}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last1=Sereno |first1=Paul C. |last2=Dutheil |first2=Didier B. |last3=Iarochene |first3=M. |last4=Larsson |first4=Hans C. E. |last5=Lyon |first5=Gabrielle H. |last6=Magwene |first6=Paul M. |last7=Sidor |first7=Christian A. |last8=Varricchio |first8=David J. |last9=Wilson |first9=Jeffrey A. |year=1996 |title=Predatory Dinosaurs from the Sahara and Late Cretaceous Faunal Differentiation |journal=Science |volume=272 |issue=5264 |pages=986–991 |doi=10.1126/science.272.5264.986 |pmid=8662584 |bibcode=1996Sci...272..986S |s2cid=39658297 |url=http://doc.rero.ch/record/13893/files/PAL_E831.pdf |archive-date=December 4, 2024 |access-date=March 20, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204204501/https://doc.rero.ch/record/13893/files/PAL_E831.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> By accident, another species of ''Megalosaurus, M. africanus'', was named by [[Germany|German]] paleontologist [[Friedrich von Huene]] based on the teeth.<ref name=":4" /> It is therefore considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|junior synonym]] of ''M. saharicus''.<ref name="Mortimer 2023 Carnosauria"/> Both syntypic teeth of ''M. saharicus'' have since been lost, possibly being kept in a collection in Algeria, [[Paris]], or [[Lyon]], and lack distinguishing characteristics from other [[Carcharodontosauridae|carcharodontosaurids]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last1=Brusatte |first1=Stephen L. |last2=Sereno |first2=Paul C. |date=December 12, 2007 |title=A new species of ''Carcharodontosaurus'' (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Cenomanian of Niger and a revision of the genus |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=902–916 |doi=10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[902:ANSOCD]2.0.CO;2 |s2cid=86202969 }}</ref> In 1960, French paleontologist [[Albert-Félix de Lapparent]] reported the discovery of more teeth and several caudal vertebrae from sites in Algeria belonging to ''Carcharodontosaurus'',<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=de Lapparent |first=Albert |date=1960 |title=Les dinosauriens du "Continental intercalaire" du Sahara central. |url=https://naturalhistory.si.edu/sites/default/files/media/translated_publications/Lapparent_60.pdf |journal=Memoirs of the Geological Society of France |volume=88A |pages=1–57}}</ref> though some of these fossils might belong to other genera.<ref name="Mortimer 2023 Carnosauria"/> Later authors mentioned finds of teeth and isolated fossils from other provinces of Algeria.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Gabani, A. |author2=Mammeri, C. |author3=Adaci, M. |author4=Bensalah, M. |author5=Mahboubi, M. |date=2016 |title=Le Crétacé continental à vertébrés de la bordure sud du Plateau de Tinhert: considérations stratigraphiques et bilan paléontologique |journal=Mémoire du Service Géologique de l'Algérie |volume=19 |pages=39–61}}</ref><ref name=":14" />

[[File:Tameryraptor_(holotype,_SNSB-BSPG_1922_X_46).png|thumb|238x238px|Prior April 1944 photo of the partial skeleton described by [[Ernst Stromer]] in 1931, now the holotype of ''[[Tameryraptor]]'']]

However, a partial skeleton later referred to ''C. saharicus'' was first found in marls near [[Bahariya Oasis|Ain Gedid]], Egypt, in early April 1914 by [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian]] paleontologist [[Richard Markgraf]]. Marls from this region derive from the [[Cenomanian]]-aged [[Bahariya Formation]], one of many Cretaceous-aged sites of [[North Africa]].<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last1=Stromer |first1=Ernst |date=1931 |title=Ergebnisse der Forschungsreisen Prof. E. Stromers in den Wüsten Ägyptens. II. Wirbeltier-Reste der Baharîjestufe (unterstes Cenoman). 10. Ein Skelett-Rest von ''Carcharodontosaurus'' nov. gen. |trans-title=Results of Prof. E. Stromer's research trips in the deserts of Egypt. II. Vertebrate remains from the Baharîje stage (lower Cenomanian). 10. A skeletal remains of ''Carcharodontosaurus'' nov. gen. |journal=Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung |series=Neue Folge |language=de |volume=9 |pages=1–31|url=https://www.dinochecker.com/papers/Stromers-Egypt-expedition_Carcharodontosaurus_Stromer_1931.pdf|translator-last1=Carrano|translator-first1=Matthew}}</ref><ref name=":5" />{{sfn|Ibrahim|Sereno|Varricchio|Martill|2020|p=162}} In this formation, Markgraf did extensive collecting of dinosaur skeletons for his employer, German paleontologist [[Ernst Stromer]] of the [[Paläontologisches Museum München]] (Bavarian State Collection of Paleontology).<ref name=":8"/> Due to [[World War I|political tensions]] between the [[German Empire]] and then [[History of Egypt under the British|British-owned Egypt]], this skeleton, since numbered as SNSB-BSPG 1922 X 46, took years to get to Germany. It was not until 1922 that they were transported overseas to [[Munich]] where they were described by Stromer in 1931.{{sfn|Nothdurft|Smith|2002|p=107–108}} Stromer recognized that the skeleton's teeth would match the characteristic dentition of those described by Depéret and Savornin, which led to Stromer conserving the species name ''saharicus.'' However, he found it necessary to erect a new genus for this species, ''Carcharodontosaurus'', for their similarities, in sharpness and serrations, to the teeth of the [[great white shark]] (''Carcharodon carcharias'').<ref name=":8" /> In his 1931 and 1934 descriptions, Stromer designates the smaller of the two teeth originally described by Depéret and Savornin as the [[type specimen]] (name-bearing specimen) of the [[taxon]].<ref name=":8" />{{sfn|Stromer|1934|p=62}} Thus, this tooth, although lost, must be considered as the [[lectotype]] of ''C. saharicus''.<ref name=Tameryraptor/> [[World War II]] would break out in 1939, leading SNSB-BSPG 1922 X 46 and other material from Bahariya to be destroyed during a [[Bombing of Munich in World War II|British bombing raid on Munich]] during the night of April 24/25, 1944.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Smith |first1=Joshua B. |last2=Lamanna |first2=Matthew C. |last3=Mayr |first3=Helmut |last4=Lacovara |first4=Kenneth J. |date=2006 |title=New information regarding the holotype of Spinosaurus aegyptiacus Stromer, 1915 |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=80 |issue=2 |pages=400–406 |doi=10.1666/0022-3360(2006)080[0400:NIRTHO]2.0.CO;2 |s2cid=130989487 }}</ref>{{sfn|Nothdurft|Smith|2002|p=117}} An [[endocast]] was made and survived the war, being the only remaining relic of the specimen.{{sfn|Ibrahim|Sereno|Varricchio|Martill|2020|p=162, 164}} However in 2025, this specimen was redescribed as the holotype of a distinct carcharodontosaurid genus, ''[[Tameryraptor]]''.<ref name=Tameryraptor/>

=== Resurgent discoveries, ''C. iguidensis'', and confusion with spinosaurids ===
Few discoveries of ''Carcharodontosaurus'' attributed material were made until 1995 when [[United States|American]] paleontologist [[Paul Sereno]] found an incomplete skull during an expedition embarked on by the [[University of Chicago]]. This skull (SGM-Din 1) was found in the Cenomanian-aged rocks of the [[Kem Kem Group|Lower Douira Formation, Kem Kem Beds]], in [[Errachidia Province|Errachidia]], southeastern Morocco. The specimen was taken to the University of Chicago and was first described in 1996 by Sereno and colleagues in ''[[Science (journal)|Science]]''.<ref name=":5"/> In 2007, SGM-Din 1 was officially designated as the [[neotype]] of ''C. saharicus'' due to the loss of other specimens and the similar age and geographic location to previously noted material.<ref name=":6"/> The taxonomy of ''Carcharodontosaurus'' was discussed by Chiarenza and Cau (2016),<ref name="ChiarenzaandCau2016">{{Cite journal |last1=Chiarenza |first1=Alfio Alessandro |last2=Cau |first2=Andrea |date=February 29, 2016 |title=A large abelisaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from Morocco and comments on the Cenomanian theropods from North Africa |journal=PeerJ |volume=4 |pages=e1754 |doi=10.7717/peerj.1754 |pmc=4782726 |pmid=26966675 |doi-access=free }}</ref> who suggested that the neotype of ''C. saharicus'' was similar but distinct from the skeleton described by Stromer in the morphology of the maxillary interdental plates. However, paleontologist [[Mickey Mortimer]] put forward that the suggested difference between the two specimens was actually due to damage to the neotype.<ref name="Mortimer 2023 Carnosauria">{{Cite web |last=Mortimer |first=Mickey |date=2023 |title=Carnosauria |url=https://theropoddatabase.com/Carnosauria.htm#Carcharodontosaurussaharicus |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528042437/https://theropoddatabase.com/Carnosauria.htm |archive-date=May 28, 2023 |access-date=June 6, 2023 |website=The Theropod Database}}</ref> Because the neotype designation was in accordance with the [[ICZN]] article 75.3 and 75.4, the describers of ''Tameryraptor'' agreed that SGM-Din 1 is a valid neotype.<ref name=Tameryraptor>{{cite journal |last1=Kellermann |first1=Maximilian |last2=Cuesta |first2=Elena |last3=Rauhut |first3=Oliver W. M. |title=Re-evaluation of the Bahariya Formation carcharodontosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) and its implications for allosauroid phylogeny |journal=PLOS ONE |date=January 14, 2025 |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=e0311096 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0311096|doi-access=free |pmid=39808629 |pmc=11731741 |bibcode=2025PLoSO..2011096K }}</ref>

Several other fossils of ''C. saharicus'' have been unearthed from the Kem Kem Beds, such as [[Mandible|dentary]] fragments, a [[Cervical vertebrae|cervical vertebra]], and many teeth.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Russell |first=Dale |date=1996 |title=Isolated Dinosaur bones from the Middle Cretaceous of the Tafilalt, Morocco |url=https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/fr/periodiques/bulletin-du-museum-national-d-histoire-naturelle-4eme-serie-section-c-sciences-de-la-terre-paleontologie-geologie-mineralogie/18/2-3/os-isoles-de-dinosaures-du-cretace-moyen-du-tafilalt-maroc |journal=Bulletin du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 4ème série – section C – Sciences de la Terre, Paléontologie, Géologie, Minéralogie |language=fr |volume=18 |issue=2–3}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Gheerbrant |first1=Emmanuel |last2=Cappetta |first2=Henri |last3=Broin |first3=F. de Lapparent de |last4=Rage |first4=Jean Claude |last5=Tabuce |first5=Rodolphe |title=Mémoires de la société géologique de France |date=2017 |publisher=Société Géologique de France |isbn=978-2-85363-099-3 |pages=485–525 |chapter-url=https://mnhn.hal.science/mnhn-02264868/ |language=fr |chapter=Les faunes de vertébrés marins et terrestres du Paléogène du Bassin d'Ouarzazate, Maroc }}</ref>{{sfn|Ibrahim|Sereno|Varricchio|Martill|2020|p=167}} Sereno et al. also referred a multitude of [[cervical vertebrae]] described as the [[Spinosauridae|spinosaurids]] ''[[Sigilmassasaurus]]'' and "''Spinosaurus'' B" to ''C. saharicus'' reasoning that stout cervicals would be needed to carry the skulls of carcharodontosaurids.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":5" /> Later research proved otherwise, with the vertebrae being placed in ''[[Spinosaurus aegyptiacus]]'' by Ibrahim et al. (2020).{{sfn|Ibrahim|Sereno|Varricchio|Martill|2020|p=169}} French paleontologist [[René Lavocat]] was the first to note the possible presence of ''Carcharodontosaurus'' in Morocco as early as 1954.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lavocat |first=Rene |date=1954 |title=Sur les dinosauriens du Continental Intercalaire des Kem-Kem de la Daoura |journal=Comptes Rendus 19th International Geological Congress |volume=1952 |pages=65–68}}</ref>

In 2007, a novel species of ''Carcharodontosaurus, C. iguidensis,'' was dubbed by paleontologists [[Stephen L. Brusatte|Steve Brusatte]] and Paul Sereno. Fossils of ''C. iguidensis'' had been uncovered during an expedition to the [[Echkar Formation]] of Iguidi, Niger, a partial [[maxilla]] (MNN IGU2) being designated the holotype. The species name ''iguidensis'' is after Iguidi, where the fossils were unearthed. Several other remains such as a braincase, a lacrimal, a dentary, a cervical vertebra, and a collection of teeth were referred to ''C. iguidensis'' based on size and supposed similarities to other ''Carcharodontosaurus'' bones.<ref name=":6"/> Chiarenza and Cau (2016) identified the referred material of ''C. iguidensis'' as belonging to ''Sigilmassasaurus'' (later referred to ''Spinosaurus'' sp.)<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Sereno |first1=Paul C. |last2=Myhrvold |first2=Nathan |last3=Henderson |first3=Donald M. |last4=Fish |first4=Frank E. |last5=Vidal |first5=Daniel |last6=Baumgart |first6=Stephanie L. |last7=Keillor |first7=Tyler M. |last8=Formoso |first8=Kiersten K. |last9=Conroy |first9=Lauren L. |date=November 30, 2022 |editor-last=Zhu |editor-first=Min |editor2-last=Rutz |editor2-first=Christian |editor3-last=Zhu |editor3-first=Min |editor4-last=Holtz |editor4-first=Thomas R. |editor5-last=Hone |editor5-first=David |title=''Spinosaurus'' is not an aquatic dinosaur |journal=eLife |volume=11 |pages=e80092 |doi=10.7554/eLife.80092 |pmc=9711522 |pmid=36448670 |doi-access=free }}</ref> and a non-[[Carcharodontosaurinae|carcharodontosaurine]], and therefore chose to limit ''C. iguidensis'' to the holotype pending future research.<ref name="ChiarenzaandCau2016" /> Another carcharodontosaurid from the Kem Kem Beds, ''[[Sauroniops|Sauroniops pachytholus]]'', was dubbed in 2012 based on a single [[Frontal lobe|frontal]],<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last1=Cau |first1=Andrea |last2=Dalla Vecchia |first2=Fabio M. |last3=Fabbri |first3=Matteo |date=March 1, 2013 |title=A thick-skulled theropod (Dinosauria, Saurischia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Morocco with implications for carcharodontosaurid cranial evolution |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=40 |pages=251–260 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2012.09.002 |bibcode=2013CrRes..40..251C }}</ref> and has been proposed to be synonymous with ''C. saharicus''.{{sfn|Ibrahim|Sereno|Varricchio|Martill|2020|p=171}} This proposed synonymy has been disputed by others.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Candeiro |first1=Carlos Roberto dos Anjos |last2=Brusatte |first2=Stephen Louis |last3=Vidal |first3=Luciano |last4=Pereira |first4=Paulo Victor Luiz Gomes da Costa |date=July 26, 2018 |title=Paleobiogeographic evolution and distribution of Carcharodontosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda) during the middle Cretaceous of North Africa |journal=Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia |volume=58 |pages=e20185829 |doi=10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.29 |s2cid=53353652 |hdl=20.500.11820/c4ca0a5c-4f8e-4136-8355-8bd32d6ea544 |hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref name="ChiarenzaandCau2016" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Paterna |first1=Alessandro |last2=Cau |first2=Andrea |date=October 11, 2022 |title=New giant theropod material from the Kem Kem Compound Assemblage (Morocco) with implications on the diversity of the mid-Cretaceous carcharodontosaurids from North Africa |journal=Historical Biology |volume=35 |issue=11 |pages=2036–2044 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2022.2131406 |s2cid=252856791 }}</ref><ref name="Cau&Paterna25" /> The South American genus ''[[Giganotosaurus]]'' was synonymized with ''Carcharodontosaurus'' by Figueiredo (1998)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Figueiredo |date=1998 |title=Os dinossáurios carnívoros: A sua descrição e modo de vida |pages=1–4 |work=Centro Portugues de Geo-historia e Prehistoria}}</ref> and [[Gregory S. Paul|Paul]] (2010),<ref name="G.S.Paul2016">{{Cite book |last=Paul |first=Gregory S. |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/985402380 |title=The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2016 |isbn=978-1-78684-190-2 |pages=103–104 |oclc=985402380 |author-link=Gregory S. Paul}}</ref> but no authors have since followed this assessment.<ref name=":17" /><ref name=":6" />

==== Other referred specimens ====
{{location map+|Africa|relief=yes|width=300|float=|caption=Fossil localities of ''Carcharodontosaurus''
Legend: [[File:Steel pog.svg|8px]] ''C. saharicus'' [[File:Red pog.svg|8px]] ''C. iguidensis'' [[File:Orange_pog.svg|8px]] Possible specimens|places={{location map~ | Africa| label =Continental Interclaire Formation | position = none | lat=27.0333| long=1.0833| mark= Steel pog.svg}}
{{location map~ | Africa| label =Kem Kem Beds | position = none | lat=31.5317| long=-4.6656| mark= Steel pog.svg}}
{{location map~ | Africa| label =Douiret Formation | position = none | lat=32.691| long= 10.261| mark= Steel pog.svg}}
{{location map~ | Africa| label =Continental Interclaire Formation (type locality) | position = none | lat=29.25| long= 0.25| mark= Steel pog.svg}}
{{location map~ | Africa| label =Continental Interclaire Formation | position = none | lat=28.369| long=  9.381| mark= Steel pog.svg}}
{{location map~ | Africa| label =Gara Samani Formation | position = none | lat=32.7022| long= -0.0067| mark= Steel pog.svg}}
{{location map~ | Africa| label = Elrhaz Formation | position = none | lat=16.1292| long=10.222| mark= Orange_pog.svg}}
{{location map~ | Africa| label = Echkar Formation| position = none | lat=17.9333| long=  5.6167| mark= Red pog.svg}}|alt=Map of sites preserving Carcharodontosaurus.}}

* Lapparent (1951, 1960) described several ''Carcharodontosaurus'' teeth from the Continental intercalaire Formation of [[Tataouine Governorate|Guermessa, Tunisia]].<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":16">{{cite journal|last1=Buffetaut|first1=Éric|last2=Ouaja|first2=Mohamed|title=A new specimen of ''Spinosaurus'' (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Tunisia, with remarks on the evolutionary history of the Spinosauridae|journal=Bulletin de la Société géologique de France|year=2002|volume=173|issue=5|pages=415–421|doi=10.2113/173.5.415|s2cid=53519187|url=https://doc.rero.ch/record/14728/files/PAL_E1854.pdf}}</ref>
* A [[postorbital bone]] and several postcranial remains assigned to ''Carcharodontosaurus'' were found in the [[Elrhaz Formation]] of northern Niger. Taquet (1976) noted that the postorbital was similar to that of ''Acrocanthosaurus,'' a relative of  ''Carcharodontosaurus'',{{sfn|Taquet|1976|p=53}} while the postcranial fossils could belong to other theropods.<ref name="Mortimer 2023 Carnosauria"/><ref name="Tameryraptor" />
* Two braincase fragments, 137 teeth, two caudal vertebrae, and a manual phalanx from the Echkar Formation were referred to as ''Carcharodontosaurus'' by Lapparent (1960).<ref name=":2" /> A pedal phalanx had also been described as ''Carcharodontosaurus'' but it likely is from a spinosaurid instead.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ibrahim |first1=Nizar |last2=Sereno |first2=Paul C. |last3=Dal Sasso |first3=Cristiano |last4=Maganuco |first4=Simone |last5=Fabbri |first5=Matteo |last6=Martill |first6=David M. |last7=Zouhri |first7=Samir |last8=Myhrvold |first8=Nathan |last9=Iurino |first9=Dawid A. |date=September 26, 2014 |title=Semiaquatic adaptations in a giant predatory dinosaur |journal=Science |volume=345 |issue=6204 |pages=1613–1616 |doi=10.1126/science.1258750 |pmid=25213375 |bibcode=2014Sci...345.1613I |s2cid=34421257 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Many vertebrae, including two associated dorsals, were found in the [[Early Cretaceous]] strata of the [[Irhazer Shale|Irhazer Group]] of [[Agadez Region|Agadez]], Niger. Lapparent mentioned these fossils as ''C. saharicus'' in 1960,<ref name=":2" /> though they may belong to other theropod genera.<ref name="Mortimer 2023 Carnosauria"/>
* Caudal vertebrae from the Tefidet and teeth from Akarazeras sites of the Continental intercalaire Formation of Agadez, Niger were recorded by Lapparent (1960)<ref name=":2" /> and Taquet (1976) respectively.{{sfn|Taquet|1976|p=53}} The vertebrae could be from other theropods.<ref name="Mortimer 2023 Carnosauria"/>
* From an unknown locale in the Continental intercalaire of the Sahara Desert, Lapparent (1960) documented eight vertebrae, a humerus, and a manual phalanx as coming from ''C. saharicus.''<ref name=":2" /> These elements could be from other theropods.<ref name="Mortimer 2023 Carnosauria"/>
* Teeth and a caudal vertebra from the [[Chenini Member|Chenini Formation]] of southern [[Tunisia]] have been referred to ''Carcharodontosaurus''.<ref name="Schlüter Schwarzhans 1978">{{cite journal |last1=Schlüter |first1=T |last2=Schwarzhans |first2=W |date=1978 |title=Eine Bonebed-Lagerstätte aus dem Wealden Süd Tunesiens (Umgebung Ksar Krerachfa) |journal=Berliner Geowiss. Abhandlungen A |volume=8 |pages=53–65 }}</ref> However, the caudal vertebra is now labeled Carcharodontosauridae indet.<ref name="Fanti Cau Martinelli Contessi 2014">{{cite journal |last1=Fanti |first1=Federico |last2=Cau |first2=Andrea |last3=Martinelli |first3=Agnese |last4=Contessi |first4=Michela |title=Integrating palaeoecology and morphology in theropod diversity estimation: A case from the Aptian-Albian of Tunisia |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |date=September 2014 |volume=410 |pages=39–57 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.05.033 |bibcode=2014PPP...410...39F }}</ref>
* In 2015, a large [[neural arch]] of a [[Thoracic vertebrae|dorsal vertebra]] from the Kem Kem Beds was informally described as belonging to a new genus and species of [[megaraptora]]n dubbed "Osteoporosia gigantea". This specimen is owned by the head of a Polish theme park chain who described it as belonging to a {{Convert|15|m|ft}} long carnosaur similar to ''[[Mapusaurus]]'' and ''Carcharodontosaurus.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singer |date=2015 |title=JuraPark na tropie nowych dinozaurow z Maroka. |url=https://jurapark.pl/jurapark-na-tropie-nowych-dinozaurow-z-maroka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151206224352/https://jurapark.pl/jurapark-na-tropie-nowych-dinozaurow-z-maroka/ |archive-date=December 6, 2015 |access-date=June 27, 2023 |website=Jurapark}}</ref> However, it was much smaller than proposed and may belong to ''C. saharicus'' or ''Sauroniops'' based on its carcharodontosaurid traits and origin.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Molina-Pérez |first1=Rubén |title=Dinosaur Facts and Figures: The Theropods and Other Dinosauriformes |last2=Larramendi |first2=Asier |last3=Connolly |first3=David |last4=Cruz |first4=Gonzalo Ángel Ramírez |date=2019 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-19059-4 }}{{pn|date=October 2024}}</ref>

==== Previously assigned specimens ====

* A maxillary tooth recovered from the [[Villar del Arzobispo Formation]] of [[Spain]] was referred to ''Carcharodontosaurus'' in 1966.<ref>{{cite journal|language=es|first1=M.|last1=Crusafont-Pairó|first2=R.|last2=Adrover|year=1966|title=El primer representante de la clase mamíferos hallado en el Mesozoico de España|journal=Teruel|volume=35|pages=139–143}}</ref> However, it lacks the traits of carcharodontosaurid teeth and instead is more similar to that of other [[Allosauroidea|allosauroids]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kuhne |first1=W. G. |last2=Crusafont-Pairo |first2=M. |date=1968 |title=Mamíferos del Wealdiense de Uña, cerca de Cuenca |url=https://www.raco.cat/index.php/ActaGeologica/article/download/74602/97493 |journal=Acta Geológica Hispánica |volume=3 |issue=5 |pages=133–134}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gascó |first1=Francisco |last2=Cobos |first2=Alberto |last3=Royo-Torres |first3=Rafael |last4=Mampel |first4=Luis |last5=Alcalá |first5=Luis |date=June 1, 2012 |title=Theropod teeth diversity from the Villar del Arzobispo Formation (Tithonian–Berriasian) at Riodeva (Teruel, Spain) |journal=Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments |volume=92 |issue=2 |pages=273–285 |doi=10.1007/s12549-012-0079-3 |bibcode=2012PdPe...92..273G |s2cid=129930988 }}</ref>
* Bond and Bromley (1970) described teeth deriving from the [[Gokwe Formation]] of [[Zimbabwe]] as being similar to ''Carcharodontosaurus'', with Mickey Mortimer assigning them to the genus tentatively.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bond |first1=Geoffrey |last2=Bromley |first2=K. |date=December 1970 |title=Sediments with the remains of dinosaurs near Gokwe, Rhodesia |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=313–327 |bibcode=1970PPP.....8..313B |doi=10.1016/0031-0182(70)90104-5 |s2cid=128716797 }}</ref> However, later studies have found them to be indeterminate.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Munyikwa, D.|author2=Sampson, S. D.|author3=Rogers, R. R.|author4=Forster, C. A. |author5=Curry, K. A. |author6=Curtice, B. D. |date=1998 |title=Vertebrate palaeontology and geology of the Gokwe Formation, Zimbabwe |journal=Journal of African Earth Sciences |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=142}}</ref>
* Teeth from the [[Alcântara Formation|Alcantara Formation]] of [[Brazil]] were placed in ''Carcharodontosaurus'' in 2002,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Medeiros |first1=Manuel |last2=Schultz |first2=Cesar |date=2002 |title=A fauna dinossauriana da 'Laje do Coringa', Cretaceo medio de Nordeste do Brasil |id={{BHL page|57292482}} |journal=Arquivos do Museo Nacional, Rio de Janeiro |volume=60 |issue=3 |pages=155–162 }}</ref> but this has been disputed based on its geographic origin.<ref name="Mortimer 2023 Carnosauria"/>
* Partial specimens from [[Wadi Milk Formation]] were originally assigned to ''Carcharodontosaurus'', but were now considered to be indeterminate carcharodontosaurids, some of which are similar to the genus.<ref name="Mortimer 2023 Carnosauria"/>
* Fossils from the [[Campanian]] [[Quseir Formation]] of western Egypt have been tentatively assigned to ''Spinosaurus'' and ''Carcharodontosaurus'',<ref name=Churcher1999>{{cite book |last1=Churcher |first1=C. S. |chapter=A note on the Late Cretaceous vertebrate fauna of the Dakhleh Oasis |pages=55–68 |editor1-last=Churcher |editor1-first=C. S. |editor2-last=Mills |editor2-first=Anthony J. |title=Reports from the Survey of the Dakhleh Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt, 1977-1987 |date=1999 |publisher=Oxbow Books |isbn=978-1-900188-49-4 }}</ref> but these specimens were never described in detail and thus classified as [[Theropoda]] indet.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Augustin|first1=F.J.|last2=Hartung|first2=J.|last3=Kampouridis|first3=P.|editor1=Hamimi, Z.|editor2=Khozyem, H.|editor3=Adatte, T.|editor4=Nader, Fadi H.|editor5=Oboh-Ikuenobe, F.|editor6=Zobba, Mohamed K.|editor7=Atfy, Haytham El|year=2023|chapter=Dinosaur Faunas of Egypt—The Terrestrial Late Cretaceous Vertebrate Record|title=The Phanerozoic Geology and Natural Resources of Egypt|pages=253–284|series=Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation|publisher=Springer, Cham|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-95637-0_9|isbn=978-3-030-95636-3}}</ref>