Editing Carroll College (section)

==History==
In 1883, the first bishop of Helena, John Baptist Brondel,<ref>{{Cite web|title=1884-1903 Bishop Brondel {{!}}|url=https://diocesehelena.org/about/previous-bishops/bishop-brondel-1884-1903/|access-date=2020-09-16|language=en}}</ref> proposed a Catholic college in Montana to help produce future priests for the soon-to-be diocese of Helena. He died before his plans could be realized. Pope Pius X selected [[John Patrick Carroll]], a young priest from Dubuque, Iowa, as Brondel's successor.

Bishop John Patrick Carroll, second Bishop of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Helena|Diocese of Helena]], was able to carve out the funding needed to launch the college while at the same time raising money to construct the Cathedral of St. Helena. In 1909, [[William Howard Taft]], 27th President of the United States, helped lay the cornerstone of St. Charles Hall at the college.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Carroll_College|url=http://www.helenahistory.org/carroll_college.htm|access-date=2020-09-16|website=www.helenahistory.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Record|first=Independent|title=St. Charles Hall, Carroll College, Helena|url=https://billingsgazette.com/st-charles-hall-carroll-college-helena/image_20b5c1c6-43eb-531f-8f9b-0e6cf586e644.html|access-date=2020-09-16|website=The Billings Gazette|date=29 October 2015 |language=en}}</ref>

{{multiple image
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| image1            = 19120701 Mount Saint Charles Scholastic (cover) - Helena, Montana.jpg
| caption1          = Vol. I, No. 1 (1912) of the ''Mount Saint Charles Scholastic'' quarterly shows St. Charles Hall.
| image2            = 1912 John P. Carroll - Mount Saint Charles Scholastic - Helena, Montana.jpg
| caption2          = The inaugural issue of the ''Mount Saint Charles Scholastic'' quarterly includes a portrait of founder [[John Patrick Carroll|John P. Carroll]].
}}
The college was founded on September 27, 1909, by John Patrick Carroll, second Bishop of the Diocese of Helena, Montana. It was originally called "Mount St. Charles College" to honor [[St. Charles Borromeo]]. The intent was for it to be an all-men's liberal arts college, with an emphasis on preparing men for [[careers]] in the [[priesthood]], [[law]], [[medicine]], [[teaching]], and [[engineering]]. In his speech after the laying the cornerstone of St. Charles Hall, President William Howard Taft said, "The college you are building here will be a blessing to Helena and to the whole state of Montana. The only trouble is we have not institutions enough of this kind in the United States."<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Pioneer|publisher=Carroll College|year=1930|location=Helena, MT|pages=9}}</ref>

In September 1910, Mount Saint Charles College opened its doors for classes. The first college student graduated in 1916. In 1932, the school's name was changed to "Carroll College" in honor of its founder.

During the [[1935 Helena earthquake]], Carroll College suffered only minor damage, while many other buildings and schools in the city were greatly affected. Property damage was estimated at half a million dollars.<ref>{{Cite news|date=October 20, 1935|title=SCHOOLS OF CITY ARE HARD HIT BY EARTH SHOCKS; LOSS MAY REACH A HALF MILLION|work=Helena Independent Record}}</ref> The top of the gable wall on the southern portion of St. Charles Hall was damaged and many of the structure's large stones had fallen off. The college decided to replace the roof with a slightly shorter and flatter roof.

The fallen stones were repurposed and used to build an observatory on campus. Carroll College's Neuman Observatory, named after former chemistry professor Edward Neuman, is the oldest astronomical observatory in the state of Montana.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Writer - 04/15/07|first=MARGA LINCOLN-IR Staff|title=Reaching for the stars|url=https://helenair.com/news/local/reaching-for-the-stars/article_0a06e6e2-2939-5679-8647-7067e0954e26.html|access-date=2020-09-16|website=Helena Independent Record|date=15 April 2007 |language=en}}</ref>

During [[World War II]], Carroll College was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the [[V-12 Navy College Training Program]]; it offered students a path to a Navy commission.<ref name="carrollcollege-v-12">{{cite web|url=http://montanahistorywiki.pbworks.com/w/page/21639839/St%20Charles%20Hall,%20Carroll%20College,%20Helena,%20Montana|title=St Charles Hall, Carroll College, Helena, Montana|publisher=[[Helena, Montana]]: Carroll College|access-date=September 27, 2011|year=2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330095743/http://montanahistorywiki.pbworks.com/w/page/21639839/St%20Charles%20Hall,%20Carroll%20College,%20Helena,%20Montana#|archive-date=2012-03-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> After the war, the college began a period of expansion<ref>{{Cite book|last=Swartout Jr.|first=Robert|title=Bold Minds & Blessed Hands The First Century Of Montana's Carroll College|publisher=Carroll College|year=2009|location=Helena, MT}}</ref> that included enrolling many military veterans under the GI Bill. It later admitted the first female students,<ref>{{Cite web|agency=Associated Press|title=Carroll professor writes its history|url=https://billingsgazette.com/news/state-and-regional/montana/carroll-professor-writes-its-history/article_da615407-bf6f-56e7-b0a8-362777c21468.html|access-date=2020-09-16|website=The Billings Gazette|date=29 May 2009 |language=en}}</ref> and was transformed by changes resulting from the [[Second Vatican Council]].<!-- Such as? How did this affect the college? Change from Latin liturgy? -->

The [[1989 Helena train wreck]] caused significant damage to Carroll, notably to Guadalupe Hall, the women's dormitory at the time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://helenair.com/news/local/years-ago-today-helena-shook-rattled-and-froze/image_ca7d2dd5-825b-538c-afc6-12fd330cda9e.html|title=20 years ago today, Helena shook, rattled and froze|date=2 February 2009 |access-date=28 August 2016}}</ref>