Editing Case role (section)

==Inventory of case roles==

The following list of case roles is frequently distinguished in literature but is not an exhaustive list, as there is no consensus on the [[Linguistic universal|universal]] inventory of roles, nor a universal agreement as to the correct assignment of [[Constituent (linguistics)|constituents]] to roles.<ref>{{cite book|last=Blake|first=Barry J.|title=Case|year=1994|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge [England]|isbn=0-521-44114-5|pages=67–71|edition=1. publ., repr.}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Case Role !! Description !! Example
|-
| [[Patient (grammar)|Patient]] || [[Charles J. Fillmore|Fillmore]] refers to this case role as 'object' or 'objective' and can be described in three ways:
# an entity viewed as existing in a state or undergoing change
# an entity viewed as located or moving
# an entity viewed as affected by an entity 
||
<br />1. '''The sky''' is blue.<br />2. '''The lion''' is in the cave.<br />3. The bird ate '''the worm'''.
|-
| [[Agent (grammar)|Agent]] || An entity that performs an activity or brings about a change of state || '''The robots''' assembled the car.
|-
| Instrument || The means by which an activity or change of state is carried out || She squashed the spider with '''a slipper'''.
|-
| Experiencer || The creature experiencing an emotion or perception || '''They''' love music.
|-
| [[locative case|Location]] || The position of an entity, referring to both the temporal and spatial roles 
||
The vase is on '''the table'''. <br />or <br />Canada Day is on '''a Tuesday'''.
|-
| Source || The point from which an entity moves or derives || They got news from '''home'''. 
|-
| Destination || The point to or towards which an entity moves or is oriented || He turned to the '''altar''' and walked towards '''it'''.
|-
| Recipient || A sentient destination || She gave her spare change to '''the collectors'''.
|-
| Purpose || The purpose of an activity || He went to the Red Rooster for '''some take-out'''. 
|-
| Beneficiary || The animate entity on whose behalf an activity is carried out || She did the shopping for '''her mother'''.
|-
| Manner || The way in which an activity is done or the way in which a change of state takes place || He did it with '''great skill'''. 
|-
| Extent || The distance, area or time over which an activity is carried out or over which a state holds || It lasted '''the winter'''. 
|-
| Possessor || The entity that possesses another entity || I saw '''John's''' golf clubs. 
|}