Editing Caspase (section)

== Functional classification of caspases ==
Most caspases play a role in programmed cell death. These are summarized in the table below. The enzymes are sub classified into three types: Initiator, Executioner and Inflammatory.<ref name=":5">{{cite journal |last1=Galluzzi |first=Lorenzo |last2=López-Soto |first2=Alejandro |last3=Kumar |first3=Sharad |last4=Kroemer |first4=Guido |date=2016-02-16 |title=Caspases Connect Cell-Death Signaling to Organismal Homeostasis |journal=Immunity |language=en |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=221–231 |doi=10.1016/j.immuni.2016.01.020 |issn=1074-7613 |pmid=26885855|doi-access=free }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
! scope="col" | Programmed Cell Death
! scope="col" | Type of Caspase
! scope="col" | Enzyme
! scope="col" | Organism
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="7" | Apoptosis
| rowspan="4" | Initiator
| [[Caspase 2]]
| human and mouse
|-
| [[Caspase 8]]
| human and mouse
|-
| [[Caspase 9]]
| human and mouse
|-
| [[Caspase 10]]
| human only <ref name="Jänicke2006">{{cite journal
| last1 = Jänicke
| first1 = Reiner U.
| last2 = Sohn
| first2 = Dennis
| last3 = Totzke
| first3 = Gudrun
| last4 = Schulze-Osthoff
| first4 = Klaus
| date = June 2006
| title = Caspase-10 in Mouse or Not?
| journal = [[Science (journal)|Science]]
| volume = 312
| issue = 5782
| page = 1874
| doi = 10.1126/science.312.5782.1874a
| pmid = 16809511| s2cid = 35202855
}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | Executioner
| [[Caspase 3]]
| human and mouse
|-
| [[Caspase 6]]
| human and mouse
|-
| [[Caspase 7]]
| human and mouse
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="6" | Pyroptosis
| rowspan="6" | Inflammatory
| [[Caspase 1]]
| human and mouse
|-
| [[Caspase 4]]
| human {{refn|group=note|name=Stowe2015|CASP4 and CASP5 are considered to be the human orthologues of CASP11, which was found in mice and rats but not in humans.<ref name=Stowe2015>{{cite journal|title=Caspase-11: arming the guards against bacterial infection|journal=Immunological Reviews|volume=265|issue=1|pages=75–84|doi=10.1111/imr.12292|pmid=25879285|year=2015|last1=Stowe|first1=Irma|last2=Lee|first2=Bettina|last3=Kayagaki|first3=Nobuhiko|s2cid=22393511}}</ref>}}
|-
| [[Caspase 5]]
| human {{refn|group=note|name=Stowe2015}}
|-
| [[Caspase 11]]
| mouse {{refn|group=note|name=Stowe2015}}
|-
| [[Caspase 12]]
| mouse and some humans {{refn|group=note|name=Saleh2004}}
|-
| [[Caspase 13]]
| cattle only <ref name="Koenig2001">{{cite journal |title= Evidence That Caspase-13 Is Not a Human but a Bovine Gene |journal= Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications|volume= 285|issue= 5|pages= 1150–4|doi= 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5315|pmid= 11478774|year= 2001|last1= Koenig|first1= Ulrich|last2= Eckhart|first2= Leopold|last3= Tschachler|first3= Erwin}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | Other roles
| Other
| [[Caspase 14]]
| human and mouse
|}

Note that in addition to apoptosis, caspase-8 is also required for the inhibition of another form of programmed cell death called necroptosis. Caspase-14 plays a role in epithelial cell keratinocyte differentiation and can form an epidermal barrier that protects against dehydration and UVB radiation.<ref name=":4">{{cite journal |last1=Denecker |first1=Geertrui |last2=Ovaere |first2=Petra |last3=Vandenabeele |first3=Peter |last4=Declercq |first4=Wim |date=2008-02-11 |title=Caspase-14 reveals its secrets |journal=The Journal of Cell Biology |language=en |volume=180 |issue=3 |pages=451–458 |doi=10.1083/jcb.200709098 |issn=0021-9525 |pmc=2234247 |pmid=18250198|hdl=1854/LU-394311 }}</ref>