Editing Chain smoking (section)

==Causes==
Many people chain-smoke when drinking [[Alcoholic drink|alcoholic beverage]]s, because [[ethanol|alcohol]] potentiates [[nicotinic acetylcholine receptor]]s, leading to [[Reverse tolerance|re-sensitization]], hence inducing a craving.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1080/14622200310001656957 |title=Psychopharmacological interactions between nicotine and ethanol |last1=Rose |first1=J. |last2=Brauer |first2=L. |last3=Behm |first3=F. |last4=Cramblett |first4=M. |journal=Nicotine & Tobacco Research |year=2004 |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=133–44 |pmid=14982697}}</ref>

The extent to which chain smoking is driven by [[nicotine dependence]] has been studied. It does not seem that the amount of nicotine delivered is a significant factor, as the puff volume correlates poorly with the frequency of cigarette consumption.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/0091-3057(92)90535-N |title=Effects of smoking abstinence and chain-smoking on puffing topography and diurnal nicotine exposure |last1=Kolonen |first1=S. |last2=Tuomisto |first2=J. |last3=Puustinen |first3=P. |last4=Airaksinen |first4=M. M. |journal=[[Pharmacol Biochem Behav]] |year=1992 |volume=42 |pages=327–32 |issue=2 |pmid=1631188|s2cid=30397734 }}</ref>