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Cherkessk
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==Names== In Russian, the city is called {{lang|ru|Черке́сск}} (''Čerkessk'')<ref name=KNAB>{{cite web|url=http://www.eki.ee/knab/p_mm_en.htm |title=KNAB, the Place Names Database of EKI |publisher=Eki.ee |access-date=2015-02-20}}</ref> and has similar names in the languages of the city's other major ethnic groups. In [[Karachay language|Karachay]], it is {{lang|krc|Черкесск}} (''Çerkessk'')<ref name=KNAB/> or {{lang|krc|Черкесск шахар}} (''Çerkessk şahar''); in [[Kabardian language|Kabardian]], it is {{lang|kbd|Шэрджэс къалэ}} (''Şărdjăs qală'') or {{lang|kbd|Черке́сск}} (''Čerkessk'');<ref name=KNAB/> in [[Abaza language|Abaza]], it is {{lang|abq|Черкес къала}} (''Čerkes q̇ala'') or {{lang|abq|Черкесск}} (''Čerkessk'');<ref name=KNAB/> in [[Nogai language|Nogai]], it is {{lang|nog|Шеркеш шахар}} (''Şerkeş şahar'') and in [[Chechen language|Chechen]], it is {{lang|ce|Черкесск}} (''Čerkessk''). For its first century of existence, Cherkessk was a ''[[stanitsa]]'', a village inside a Cossack host, which from 1825 to 1931 was named '''Batalpashinskaya stanitsa''' (Russian: {{lang|ru|Баталпашинская станица}} ''Batalpašinskaja stanica'')<ref name=KNAB/> and nicknamed '''Pashinka''' ({{lang|ru|Пашинка}} ''Pašinka'') In 1931, it was renamed '''Batalpashinsk''' ({{lang|ru|Баталпашинск}} ''Batałpašinsk''),<ref name=GR>[http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/city_of_russia/1196/Черкесск Города России: Черкесск. Энциклопедия] — М.: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. И. Кондратьева, 1994. {{in lang|ru}}</ref><ref name=KNAB/> and then in quick succession '''Sulimov''' ({{lang|ru|Сулимов}} ''Sulimov'') in 1934<ref name=GR/><ref name=KNAB/> for [[Daniil Sulimov]], Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian SFSR, and following Sulimov's execution in the [[Great Purge]], '''Yezhovo-Cherkessk''' ({{lang|ru|Ежово-Черкесск}} ''Ježovo-Čerkessk'') in 1937<ref name=GR/><ref name=KNAB/> for [[Nikolai Yezhov]], head of the NKVD. With Yezhov's arrest, the initial "Yezhovo-" was dropped, and the city received its present name in 1939.<ref name=GR/><ref name=KNAB/>
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