Editing Chrismation (section)

==Liturgical form==

===Eastern Orthodox Church===

====Common part of the rite====
The priest anoints the recipient with chrism, making the [[sign of the cross]] on the forehead, eyes, nostrils, mouth, ears, breast, hands, and feet using the following words each time: "The seal of the gift of the [[Holy Spirit in Christianity|Holy Ghost]]" (in [[Greek language|Greek]]: {{lang|grc|Σφραγὶς δωρεᾶς Πνεύματος Ἁγίου}}; in {{Langx|cu|Печать дара Духа Святаго}}).

The chrism is washed off by a priest seven days later, according to the written [[Rubric (ecclesiastical)|rubrics]],{{sfn|''The Great Book of Needs''|2000|pp=47–52}} the newly baptized wearing their white [[Chiton (costume)|chitons]] and not washing their anointed parts for that period.  However, in the case of infant baptism (and often also with adult chrismation contemporary practice), the ablution is performed immediately after the rite of chrismation.{{sfn|Sokolof|1899|pp=118–119}}

====As part of the baptismal rite====

Typically, one becomes a member of the Church by baptism and chrismation performed by a priest as a single service,{{sfnm |1a1=Sokolof |1y=1899 |1pp=116–117 |2a1=''The Great Book of Needs'' |2y=2000 |2pp=61–87}} or subsequent to baptism performed by a layman.{{sfnm |1a1=Sokolof |1y=1899 |1pp=117–118 |2a1=''The Great Book of Needs'' |2y=2000 |2pp=115–119}} While chrismation is often performed without baptism, baptism is never performed without chrismation; hence the term "baptism" is construed as referring to the administration of both sacraments (or mysteries), one after the other.

====At the reconciliation of apostates====

In the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] the mystery may be conferred more than once as it is customary to receive apostates by repeating chrismation;<ref>[http://www.goarch.org/ourfaith/ourfaith7101] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120108184051/http://www.goarch.org/ourfaith/ourfaith7101|date=2012-01-08}} "Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America — The Stand of the Orthodox Church on Controversial Issues", Retrieved 2011-12-28</ref><ref>[http://www.orthodox.net/articles/baptism.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111055639/http://www.orthodox.net/articles/baptism.html|date=2012-01-11}} "St Nicholas Russian Orthodox Church, McKinney, Texas — Chrismation and special circumstances", Retrieved 2011-12-28</ref> according to the ''Book of Needs'', the priest "taking the Holy Chrism, he anoints him (her) according to the order of those who are baptized ..." towards the end of the "Prayers of Purification for One Returning to the True Faith from Apostasy".{{sfn|''The Great Book of Needs''|2000|pp=115–119}}

This practice is thus attested to in the ninth century by [[Methodios I of Constantinople|Saint Methodius of Constantinople]] in "The Rule of Methodius, Patriarch of Constantinople, Concerning the Return from Apostasy of Various Persons to the True Orthodox Faith":
<blockquote>
If a child ... is in apostasy ... let him be washed. Upon leaving the bath, girded with a linen cloth, let him be anointed with Chrism, as one who is baptized.  And let him put on a new robe in the manner of those who have been baptized.

If ... one who is of age has renounced his impending torment ... then let him be washed and anointed with Chrism according to the accepted Rite. And when the Liturgy is celebrated, let him be counted worthy of the Holy Things, occupying himself in Church and the Liturgy, as them that are baptized ...{{sfn|''The Great Book of Needs''|2000|pp=113–114}}
</blockquote>

====At the reception of certain converts====

Although normally administered in conjunction with baptism, in some cases chrismation alone may be used to receive [[Religious conversion#Christianity|convert]]s to Orthodoxy through the exercise of ''[[Economy (Eastern Christianity)#Ecclesiastical economy|economia]]''.  Although practice in this regard varies, in general, if a convert comes to Orthodoxy from another Christian confession and has previously undergone a rite of baptism in the Trinitarian Formula ("in the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost"), he or she may be received into the Orthodox Church through the sacrament of chrismation, after which he or she would receive the Holy Eucharist.  On the other hand, if a convert comes from a group which practices an invalid, non-Trinitarian baptism (such as [[Mormons]], [[Jehovah's Witnesses]], or [[Oneness Pentecostals]]) or from one that does not practice baptism at all (such as [[Religious Society of Friends|Quakers]] or [[The Salvation Army]]), baptism is a prerequisite for chrismation—an initiate must always be validly baptized in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost before any further sacraments can be administered. The use of ''economia'' is at the discretion of, and subject to the guidelines imposed by, the local [[bishop]].{{sfnm |1a1=Sokolof |1y=1899 |1pp=119–120 |2a1=''The Great Book of Needs'' |2y=2000 |2pp=133–114}}{{verify source|date=June 2017}} Converts from non-Christian religions also need to be baptized before chrismation.

The sacrament of chrismation is an extension of the day of [[Pentecost]], when the Holy Ghost was poured out on the Apostles.  It is by chrismation that a person becomes a layperson &mdash; a member of the ''laos'' (laity), the people of God. [[Metropolitan Kallistos]] (Timothy Ware) explains:

<blockquote>Through Chrismation every member of the Church becomes a prophet, and receives a share in the royal priesthood of Christ; all Christians alike, because they are chrismated, are called to act as conscious witnesses to the Truth.  "You have an anointing (''chrisma'') from the Holy One, and know all things" ({{Bibleverse||1John|2:20}}).{{sfn|Ware|1963|p=279}}</blockquote>

===Oriental Orthodox churches===
Chrismation in Oriental Orthodoxy is similar to that of Eastern Orthodoxy but is performed according to their sacramental theology, and may vary according to the particular church.