Editing Citronella oil (section)

==Types==
Citronella oil is classified in trade into two chemotypes:<ref name="ics.trieste.it">Chang, Yu Shyun, 2007, ''8 Map species from Malaysia for ICS,'' Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Workshop on NFP, 28–29 May 2007, Nanchang, PR China {{cite web |url=http://www.ics.trieste.it/Documents/Downloads/df4658.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2007-09-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716050943/http://www.ics.trieste.it/Documents/Downloads/df4658.pdf |archive-date=2007-07-16 }}</ref>

=== Ceylon type ===
* CAS: 89998-15-2
* CAS: 8000-29-1
* EINECS: 289-753-6
* FEMA: 2308
* CoE: 39
* Obtained from: ''[[Cymbopogon nardus]]'' Rendle
* Main components: [[citronellal]] (5–15%), [[geraniol]] (18–20%) and [[geranyl acetate]] (2%), [[citronellol]] (6–8%), [[limonene]] (9–11%), and [[methyl isoeugenol]] (7–11%).

[[File:Citronellal, geraniol, citronellol.svg|alt=|thumb|The major constituents of the Java type citronella oil]]

=== Java type ===
* CAS: 91771-61-8
* CAS: 8000-29-1
* EINECS: 294-954-7
* FEMA: 2308
* CoE: 2046
* Obtained from: ''[[Cymbopogon winterianus]]'' Jowitt
* Main components: [[citronellal]] (32–45%), [[geraniol]] (21–24%) and [[geranyl acetate]] (3–8%), [[citronellol]] (11–15%), [[limonene]] (1–4%).

The higher proportions of [[citronellal]] and [[geraniol]] in the Java type oil make it a better source for perfumery [[Derivative (chemistry)|derivatives]].<ref name="Lawless, J. 1995" /><ref>Online referenced article, Torres, R.C., Tio, BDJ, ''Citronella oil industry: challenges and breakthroughs'' [http://mis.dost.gov.ph/itdi/R&D/cmd/CITRONELLA_OIL.pdf] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040312225730/http://mis.dost.gov.ph/itdi/r%26d/cmd/CITRONELLA_OIL.pdf|date=2004-03-12}}</ref> The standard quality of Java type from Indonesia is regulated by Indonesian authority under SNI 06–3953–1995, which requires [[citronellal]] minimum 35% and total geraniol minimum 85%.<ref>IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering - "Essential Oil Extraction From Citronella Stems (Cymbopogon winterianus) By Vacuum Distillation" https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/1053/1/012119/pdf</ref>

Both types probably originated from [[Mana Grass]] of Sri Lanka, which according to Finnemore (1962) occurs today in two wild forms – ''Cymbopogon nardus'' var. ''linnae (typicus)'' and ''C. nardus'' var. ''confertiflorus''. Neither wild form is known to be used for [[distillation]] to any appreciable extent.

Citronella oil from ''[[Cymbopogon]]'' species should not be confused with other similar lemony oils from ''[[Corymbia citriodora]]'' and ''[[Pelargonium citrosum]]''.