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Clanging
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==Example== This can be seen by a section of a 1974 transcript of a patient with schizophrenia: {{blockquote|We are all felines. Siamese cat balls. They stand out. I had a cat, a manx, still around here somewhere. You'll know him when you see him. His name is GI Joe; he's black and white. I have a goldfish too, like a clown. Happy Halloween down. Down.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chaika |first1=Elaine |title=A linguist looks at 'schizophrenic' language |journal=Brain and Language |date=July 1974 |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=257β276 |doi=10.1016/0093-934X(74)90040-6 }}</ref>}} The speaker makes semantic chain associations on the topic of cats, to the colour of her cat, which (either the topic of colours/patterns, or the topic of pets) leads her to jump from her goldfish to the associated ''clown'', a point she reaches via the word ''clownfish''. The patient also exhibits a pattern of rhyming and associative clanging: ''clown'' to ''Halloween'' (presumably an associative clang) to ''down''. This example highlights how the speaker was distracted by the sound or meaning of her own words, and led herself off the topic, sentence by sentence. In essence, it is a form of [[Derailment (thought disorder)|derailment]] driven by self-monitoring.<ref name="Schizophrenia and the structure of"/>
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