Editing Codependency (section)

==History==
The term ''codependency'' most likely developed in Minnesota in the late 1970s from ''co-alcoholic'', when [[alcoholism]] and other [[Substance dependence|drug dependencies]] were grouped together as "chemical dependency".<ref name="cermak-1986b">{{Cite journal |last=Cermak |first=Timmen L. |date=1986-01-01 |title=Diagnostic Criteria for Codependency |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.1986.10524475 |journal=Journal of Psychoactive Drugs |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=15–20 |doi=10.1080/02791072.1986.10524475 |issn=0279-1072 |pmid=3701499|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Beattie |first1=Melody |date=1987 |title=Codependent No More: How to Stop Controlling Others and Start Caring for Yourself |url=https://archive.org/details/codependentnomor0000beat_h5i1/page/28/mode/2up |location=New York |publisher=Harper/Hazelden |isbn=978-0-06-255446-8 |page=29}}</ref> In [[Alcoholics Anonymous]], it became clear that alcoholism was not solely about the addict, but also about the enabling behaviors of the alcoholic's [[social network]].<ref name="Davis08">{{cite book |last=Davis |first=Lennard J. |url=https://archive.org/details/obsessionhistory00davi_0/page/178 |title=Obsession: A History |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-226-13782-7 |location=London |page=[https://archive.org/details/obsessionhistory00davi_0/page/178 178] |author-link=Lennard J. Davis}}</ref> The term ''codependent'' was first used to describe persons whose lives were affected through their involvement with a person with a substance use disorder, resulting in the development of a pattern of coping with life that was not healthy as a reaction to that other person's substance abuse.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Subby |first1=Robert |last2=Friel |first2=John |title=Co-dependency: An emerging issue |date=1984 |publisher=Health Communications |location=Health Communications}}</ref>

In 1986, psychiatrist [[Timmen L. Cermak|Timmen Cermak]] wrote ''Diagnosing and Treating Co-Dependence: A Guide for Professionals''. In that book and an article published in the ''[[Journal of Psychoactive Drugs]]'', Cermak argued unsuccessfully for the inclusion of codependency as a separate [[personality disorder]] in the ''[[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders]] III-R'' (DSM-III-R).<ref name="jmorgan">{{cite journal |last1=Morgan |first1=James P. |title=What is codependency? |journal=Journal of Clinical Psychology |date=September 1991 |volume=47 |issue=5 |pages=720–729 |doi=10.1002/1097-4679(199109)47:5<720::aid-jclp2270470515>3.0.co;2-5|pmid=1939721 }}</ref>

[[Melody Beattie]] popularized the concept of codependency in 1986 with the book ''Codependent No More'', which sold eight million copies,<ref>{{cite book |first=J. S. |last=Rice |year=1998 |title=A Disease of One's Own |page=2}}{{full citation needed|date=August 2024}}</ref> with updated editions released in 1992 and 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2022 Revised! Codependent No More by Melody Beattie |url=https://melodybeattie.com/books/codependent-no-stop-controlling-others-start-caring/ |access-date=2022-10-30 |publisher=Melody Beattie |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-10-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030235652/https://melodybeattie.com/books/codependent-no-stop-controlling-others-start-caring/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Drawing on her personal experience with substance abuse and caring for someone with it, she also interviewed people helped by [[Al-Anon]]. Beattie's work formed the groundwork of a [[Twelve-step program|twelve-step]] organisation called [[Co-Dependents Anonymous]], founded in 1986,<ref name="Irving 1999 30">{{cite book |last=Irving |first=Leslie |title=Codependent Forevermore: The Invention of Self in a Twelve Step Group |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-226-38471-9 |location=Chicago |pages=29–30}}</ref> although the group does not endorse any definition of or diagnostic criteria for codependency.<ref>{{cite web |title=What is Codependence |url=https://coda.org/newcomers/what-is-codependence/ |website=CoDA.org}}</ref>