Editing Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (section)

== Description ==
The manuscript is a codex (the forerunner to the modern book), written on parchment, measuring 12¼ x 9 in (31.4-32.5 x 25.6-26.4&nbsp;cm).{{r|Aland}} It has 209 leaves extant, of which 145 belong to the New Testament and 64 to the Old Testament. The letters are medium-sized [[Uncial script|uncials]], in a single column per page, 40–46 lines per page.{{r|Kenyon138}} The text is written continuously, with no division of words (known as ''[[Scriptio continua]]''), with the punctuation consisting of only a single point, as in codices [[Codex Alexandrinus|Alexandrinus]] and [[Codex Vaticanus|Vaticanus]]. The beginning sections have larger letters which stand out in the margin (similar to those in codices [[Codex Alexandrinus]] and [[Codex Basilensis A. N. III. 12|Codex Basilensis]]). [[Iota]] ({{lang|grc|ι}}) and [[upsilon]] ({{lang|grc|υ}})  have a small straight line over them, which serves as a form of [[Diaeresis (diacritic)|diaeresis]].<ref name="Scrivener">{{Cite book | last=Scrivener | first=Frederick Henry Ambrose | author-link=Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener | author2=Edward Miller | title=[[A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament]] | volume=1 | edition=4 | year=1894 | publisher=[[George Bell & Sons]] | location=London }}</ref>{{rp|123}} 
The [[Greek diacritics|breathings]] (utilised to designate vowel emphasis) and [[Stress (linguistics)|accents]] (used to indicate voiced pitch changes) were added by a later hand.<ref name="textkritik">{{Cite book | last=Gregory | first=Caspar René | author-link=Caspar René Gregory | title=Textkritik des Neuen Testaments | volume=1 | year=1900 | publisher=J.C. Hinrichs | location=Leipzig | url=https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n53/mode/2up }}</ref>{{rp|41}} The [[nomina sacra]] (special names/words considered sacred in [[Christianity]] - usually the first and last letters of the name/word in question are written, followed by an overline; sometimes other letters from within the word are used as well) tend to be contracted into three-letter forms rather than the more common two-letter forms.{{r|textkritik}}{{rp|43}}

A list of chapters (known as {{lang|grc|κεφαλαια}} / ''kephalaia'') is preserved before the [[Gospel of Luke]] and the [[Gospel of John]]. One may deduce from this that the manuscript originally contained chapter lists for the [[Gospel of Matthew]] and [[Gospel of Mark]] too. The chapter titles (known as {{lang|grc|τιτλοι}} / ''titloi'') were apparently not placed in the upper margin of the page;{{r|Scrivener}}{{rp|123}} however it is possible the upper margins once contained the titles in red ink, which has since completely faded away; another possibility is the upper portions of the pages have been over-trimmed. The text of the Gospels is accompanied by marginal notations indicating the [[Eusebian canons]] (an early system of dividing the four Gospels into different sections, developed by early [[Christian]] writer [[Eusebius of Caesarea]]), albeit the numerals for the [[Eusebian Canons]] were likely written in red ink, which unfortunately have completely vanished. There are no systematic divisions in the other books.{{r|Kenyon138}}

The [[Jesus and the woman taken in adultery|Pericope Adulterae]] (John 7:53–8:11) was likely missing from the original codex. The two leaves which contain John 7:3–8:34 are not extant, however by counting the lines and calculating how much space would be required to include John 7:53-8:11 (presuming there’s no other large omission), it can be demonstrated they did not contain sufficient space to include the passage.<ref name="text-com">{{Cite book | first=Bruce Manning | last=Metzger | author-link=Bruce Metzger | title=A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament | edition=2 | year=1996 | publisher=Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft | isbn=978-3438060105 }}</ref>{{rp|187}} The text of [[Mark 16|Mark 16:9–20]] is included on folio 148r.

It is difficult to determine whether [[Luke 22:43–44]] ([[Christ's agony at Gethsemane]]) was in the original codex; unfortunately the leaves containing the surrounding verses are not extant.{{r|ubs3}}{{rp|305}} {{bibleref|Mark|15:28}} is not included.{{r|ubs3}}{{rp|193}}

; [[Lacuna (manuscripts)|Missing Chapters/Verses]]
* [[Gospel of Matthew]]: [[Matthew 1:1|1:1]]–2; 5:15–7:5; 17:26–18:28; 22:21–23:17; 24:10–45; 25:30–26:22; 27:11–46; 28:15-fin.;
* [[Gospel of Mark]]: 1:1–17; 6:32–8:5; 12:30–13:19;
* [[Gospel of Luke]]: 1:1–2; 2:5–42; 3:21–4:25; 6:4–36; 7:17–8:28; 12:4–19:42; 20:28–21:20; 22:19–23:25; 24:7–45
* [[Gospel of John]]: 1:1–3; 1:41–3:33; 5:17–6:38; 7:3–8:34; 9:11–11:7; 11:47–13:7; 14:8–16:21; 18:36–20:25;
* [[Acts of the Apostles]]: 1:1–2; 4:3–5:34; 6:8; 10:43–13:1; 16:37–20:10; 21:31–22:20; 23:18–24:15; 26:19–27:16; 28:5-fin.;
* [[Epistle to the Romans]]: 1:1–3; 2:5–3:21; 9:6–10:15; 11:31–13:10;
* [[First Epistle to the Corinthians]]: 1:1–2; 7:18–9:6; 13:8–15:40;
* [[Second Epistle to the Corinthians]]: 1:1–2; 10:8-fin.
* [[Epistle to the Galatians]]: 1:1–20
* [[Epistle to the Ephesians]]: 1:1–2:18; 4:17-fin.
* [[Epistle to the Philippians]]: 1:1–22; 3:5-fin.
* [[Epistle to the Colossians]]: 1:1–2;
* [[First Epistle to the Thessalonians]]: 1:1; 2:9-fin.;
* [[Second Epistle to the Thessalonians]] entirely{{r|McDonald}}
* [[First Epistle to Timothy]]: 1:1–3:9; 5:20-fin.;
* [[Second Epistle to Timothy]]: 1:1–2;
* [[Epistle to Titus]]: 1:1–2
* [[Epistle to Philemon]]: 1–2
* [[Epistle to the Hebrews]]: 1:1–2:4; 7:26–9:15; 10:24–12:15;
* [[Epistle of James]]: 1:1–2; 4:2-fin.
* [[First Epistle of Peter]]: 1:1–2; 4:5-fin.;
* [[Second Epistle of Peter]]: 1:1;
* [[First Epistle of John]]: 1:1–2; 4:3-fin.
* [[Second Epistle of John]] entirely;{{r|McDonald}}
* [[Third Epistle of John]]: 1–2;
* [[Epistle of Jude]]: 1–2;
* [[Book of Revelation]]: 1:1–2; 3:20–5:14; 7:14–17; 8:5–9:16; 10:10–11:3; 16:13–18:2; 19:5-fin.<ref name="na26">{{Cite book | title=Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece | editor-first1=Kurt | editor-last1=Aland | editor1-link=Kurt Aland | editor-first2=Matthew | editor-last2=Black | editor2-link=Matthew Black | editor-first3=Carlo Maria | editor-last3=Martini | editor3-link=Carlo Maria Martini | editor-first4=Bruce M. | editor-last4=Metzger | editor4-link=Bruce Metzger | editor-first5=Allen | editor-last5=Wikgren | editor5-link=Allen Wikgren | edition=26 | year=1981 | publisher=Deutsche Bibelstiftung | location=Stuttgart | isbn=3-438-051001 }} (NA26)</ref>{{rp|689}}

In the Old Testament, parts of the [[Book of Job]], the [[Book of Proverbs|Proverbs]], [[Ecclesiastes]], [[Song of Songs]], [[Book of Wisdom|Wisdom]], and [[Wisdom of Sirach|Sirach]] survive.<ref>Würthwein Ernst (1988). ''Der Text des Alten Testaments'', Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, p. 85.</ref>