Editing Colley Cibber (section)

==Life==
Cibber was born in [[Southampton Street, London|Southampton Street]], in [[Bloomsbury]], London.<ref>Barker, p. 5; Koon, p. 5</ref> He was the eldest child of [[Caius Gabriel Cibber]], a distinguished sculptor originally from Denmark. His mother, Jane née Colley, came from a family of gentry from [[Glaston]], [[Rutland]].<ref>Ashley, p. 17; Barker, p. 4</ref> He was educated at [[the King's School, Grantham]], from 1682 until the age of 16, but failed to win a place at [[Winchester College]], which had been founded by his maternal ancestor [[William of Wykeham]].<ref>Barker, pp. 6–7</ref> In 1688, he joined the service of his father's patron, [[William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Devonshire|Lord Devonshire]], who was one of the prime supporters of the [[Glorious Revolution]].<ref>Barker, pp. 7–8</ref> After the revolution, and at a loose end in London, he was attracted to the stage and in 1690 began work as an actor in [[Thomas Betterton]]'s [[United Company]] at the [[Theatre Royal, Drury Lane|Drury Lane Theatre]]. "Poor, at odds with his parents, and entering the theatrical world at a time when players were losing their power to businessmen-managers", on 6 May 1693 Cibber married [[Catherine Cibber|Katherine Shore]], the daughter of Matthias Shore, sergeant-trumpeter to the King, despite his poor prospects and insecure, socially inferior job.<ref>Highfill ''et al.'', p. 215</ref>

[[File:Colley Cibber c.1740, painted plaster bust, National Portrait Gallery, London.JPG|thumb|left|Colley Cibber c. 1740, painted plaster bust, National Portrait Gallery, London]]

Cibber and Katherine had 12 children between 1694 and 1713. Six died in infancy, and most of the surviving children received short shrift in his will. Catherine, the eldest surviving daughter, married Colonel James Brown and seems to have been the dutiful one who looked after Cibber in old age following his wife's death in 1734. She was duly rewarded at his death with most of his estate. His middle daughters, Anne and Elizabeth, went into business. Anne had a shop that sold fine wares and foods, and married John Boultby. Elizabeth had a restaurant near [[Gray's Inn]], and married firstly Dawson Brett, and secondly (after Brett's death) Joseph Marples.<ref>Ashley, p. 159; Barker, p. 177</ref> His only son to reach adulthood, [[Theophilus Cibber|Theophilus]], became an actor at Drury Lane, and was an embarrassment to his father because of his scandalous private life.<ref>Ashley, p. 153; Highfill ''et al.'', p. 218</ref> His other son to survive infancy, James, died in or after 1717, before reaching adulthood.<ref name=odnb/> Colley's youngest daughter [[Charlotte Charke|Charlotte]] followed in her father's theatrical footsteps, but she fell out with him and her sister Catherine, and she was cut off by the family.<ref>Ashley, pp. 157–159; Barker, p. 179</ref>

After an inauspicious start as an actor, Cibber eventually became a popular comedian, wrote and adapted many plays, and rose to become one of the newly empowered businessmen-managers. He took over the management of Drury Lane in 1710 and took a highly commercial, if not artistically successful, line in the job. In 1730, he was made [[Poet Laureate]], an appointment which attracted widespread scorn, particularly from [[Alexander Pope]] and other [[Tories (British political party)|Tory]] satirists. Off-stage, he was a keen gambler, and was one of the investors in the [[South Sea Company]].<ref>Ashley, p. 63</ref>

In the last two decades of his life, Cibber remained prominent in society, and summered in [[Georgian era|Georgian]] spas such as [[Tunbridge Wells|Tunbridge]], [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]] and [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]].<ref>Ashley, p. 161; Barker, p. 238</ref> He was friendly with the writer [[Samuel Richardson]], the actress [[Margaret Woffington]] and the memoirist–poet [[Laetitia Pilkington]].<ref>Ashley, pp. 162–164; Barker, p. 240</ref> Aged 73 in 1745, he made his last appearance on the stage as Pandulph in his own "deservedly unsuccessful" ''Papal Tyranny in the Reign of King John''.<ref>Fone, B. R. S. (1968) "Introduction", In: ''[[An Apology for the Life of Colley Cibber]]'', Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, p. xiv</ref> In 1750, he fell seriously ill and recommended his friend and protégé [[Henry Jones (poet)|Henry Jones]] as the next Poet Laureate.<ref>Ashley, p. 166; Barker, pp. 255–256</ref> Cibber recovered and Jones passed into obscurity.<ref>Ashley, p. 166; Barker, pp. 256–257</ref> Cibber died suddenly at his house in [[Berkeley Square]], London, in December 1757, leaving small pecuniary legacies to four of his five surviving children, £1,000 each (the equivalent of approximately £180,000 in 2011<ref>{{cite web|last=Conway|first=Ed|title=Value of the pound 1750 to 2011|url=http://www.edmundconway.com/2013/07/value-of-the-pound-1750-to-2011/|publisher=The Real Economy|access-date=3 January 2014|archive-date=3 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103204557/http://www.edmundconway.com/2013/07/value-of-the-pound-1750-to-2011/|url-status=dead}}</ref>) to his granddaughters Jane and Elizabeth (the daughters of Theophilus), and the residue of his estate to his eldest daughter Catherine.<ref>Barker, pp. 257–258; Koon, p. 180</ref> He was buried on 18 December, probably at the [[Grosvenor Chapel]] on South Audley Street.<ref name=odnb>Salmon, Eric (September 2004; online edition January 2008) "Cibber, Colley (1671–1757)", ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]'', Oxford University Press, [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/5416 retrieved 11 February 2010] (Subscription required for online version)</ref><ref>''British Chronicle'', 19–21 December 1757; and ''Notes and Queries'', (1893) vol. III, p. 131 and (1894) vol. VI, p. 12 quoted in Barker, p. 259; Parish records quoted by Koon, p. 178</ref>