Editing Collodion process (section)

==History==
[[Image:Theodore Roosevelt on broken glass.jpg|thumb|This deteriorated dry plate portrait of [[Theodore Roosevelt]] is similar to a wet plate image but has substantial differences.]]

[[Gustave Le Gray]] first theorized about the collodion process, publishing a method in 1850 that was "theoretical at best",<ref>{{Cite book |title=Focal encyclopedia of photography: digital imaging, theory and applications, history, and science |date=2007 |publisher=Focal |editor=Michael R. Peres |isbn=978-0-08-047784-8 |edition=4th |location=Amsterdam |oclc=499055803}}</ref> but [[Frederick Scott Archer]] was credited with the invention of the process, which he created in 1848 and published in 1851. During the subsequent decades, many photographers and experimenters refined or varied the process. By the end of the 1860s, it had almost entirely replaced the first-announced photographic process, the [[daguerreotype]].

During the 1870s, the collodion process was largely replaced by [[dry plate|gelatin dry plates]]—glass plates with a [[photographic emulsion]] of silver halides suspended in gelatin. Invented by Dr. Richard Leach Maddox in 1871, dry gelatin emulsion was not only more convenient, but it could also be made much more sensitive, greatly reducing exposure times. This marked the beginning of the modern era of photography.

One collodion process, the [[tintype]], was in limited use for casual portraiture by some itinerant and amusement park photographers as late as the 1930s, and the wet plate collodion process was still in use in the printing industry in the 1960s for line and tone work, mostly printed material involving black type against a white background because, in large volumes, it was much cheaper than gelatin film.{{cn|date=January 2016}}