Editing Color wheel (section)

==History==
The color wheel dates back to [[Isaac Newton]]'s work on color and light.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Marshall |first=Katherine |date=2021-11-09 |title=Colour wheel {{!}} Royal Society |url=https://royalsociety.org/blog/2021/11/colour-wheel/ |access-date=2025-03-02 |website=royalsociety.org |language=en}}</ref> In his book ''[[Opticks]]'', Newton presented a color circle to illustrate the relations between these colors.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/33504/33504-h/33504-h.htm|title=Opticks: Or, A Treatise of the Reflections, Refractions, Inflections and Colours of Light|last=Newton|first=Isaac|date=1730|publisher=William Innys at the West-End of St. Paul's.|language=en|pages=154–158}}</ref> The original color circle of Isaac Newton showed only the spectral hues and was provided to illustrate a rule for the color of mixtures of lights, that these could be approximately predicted from the center of gravity of the numbers of "rays" of each spectral color present (represented in his diagram by small circles).<ref>{{Cite book|title=Opticks|last=Newton|first=Isaac|year=1704|pages=114–117}}</ref> The divisions of Newton's circle are of unequal size, being based on the intervals of a [[Dorian mode|Dorian]] musical scale.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huevaluechroma.com/071.php#Newton_s_hue_system|title=Newton's hue system|last=Briggs|first=David}}</ref> Most later color circles include the [[purple]]s, however, between red and violet, and have equal-sized hue divisions.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Science of Color|author=Steven K. Shevell|publisher=Elsevier|year=2003|isbn=0-444-51251-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-fNJZ0xmTFIC&q=color-circle+wavelengths+newton+purple&pg=PA4}}</ref> Color scientists and [[psychologist]]s often use the [[additive primaries]], red, [[green]], and blue; and often refer to their arrangement around a circle as a color circle as opposed to a color wheel.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Essentials of Psychology|author=Linda Leal|publisher=Research & Education Assoc|year=1994|isbn=0-87891-930-9|url=https://archive.org/details/essentialsofpsyc0000leal|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/essentialsofpsyc0000leal/page/26 26]|quote=color-circle psychology red green blue.}}</ref>

[[Thomas Young (scientist)|Thomas Young]] postulated that the eye contains receptors that respond to three different primary sensations, or spectra of light. [[James Clerk Maxwell]] showed that all hues, and almost all colors, can be created from three [[primary color]]s such as red, green, and blue, if they are mixed in the right proportions. [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]]'s ''[[Theory of Colours]]'' provided the first systematic study of the physiological effects of color (1810). His observations on the effect of opposed colors led him to a symmetric arrangement of his color wheel anticipating [[Ewald Hering]]'s [[Opponent process|opponent color theory]] (1872).
{{blockquote|text=... for the colours diametrically opposed to each other ... are those that reciprocally evoke each other in the eye.|author=[[Goethe]]|title=''[[Theory of Colours]]''}}