Editing Common Desktop Environment (section)

== History ==
[[Hewlett-Packard]], [[IBM]], [[SunSoft, Inc.|SunSoft]], and [[Unix System Laboratories|USL]] announced CDE in June 1993 as a joint development within the [[Common Open Software Environment]] (COSE) initiative. Each development group contributed its own technology to CDE:<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://bubl.ac.uk/ARCHIVE/subject/computing/misc/coseup6.htm |title=UNIX Leaders Complete First Release of Specification for Common Open Software Environment Desktop |access-date=August 19, 2014 |date=June 30, 1993 |publisher=Hewlett-Packard, IBM Corporation, SunSoft, Inc., UNIX System Laboratories, X/Open Company Ltd. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207160207/http://bubl.ac.uk/ARCHIVE/subject/computing/misc/coseup6.htm |archive-date=February 7, 2012 }}</ref>

* HP contributed the primary environment for CDE, which was based on HP's [[Visual User Environment]] (VUE). HP VUE was itself derived from the [[Motif Window Manager]].
* IBM contributed its [[Common User Access]] model from [[OS/2]]'s [[Workplace Shell]].
* Sun contributed its [[ToolTalk]] application interaction framework and a port of its [[DeskSet]] productivity tools, including mail and calendar clients, from its [[OpenWindows]] environment.
* USL provided desktop manager components and scalable systems technologies from [[UNIX System V]].

After its release, HP endorsed CDE as the new standard desktop for Unix, and provided documentation and software for migrating HP VUE customizations to CDE.<ref>{{cite journal | url=http://www.hpl.hp.com/hpjournal/96apr/apr96a4.pdf | title=Migrating HP VUE Desktop Customizations to CDE | first1=Molly | last1=Joy | journal=Hewlett-Packard Journal | volume=47 | issue=2 | date=August 1996 | access-date=August 19, 2014 | pages=29–37 | archive-date=August 21, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821022858/http://www.hpl.hp.com/hpjournal/96apr/apr96a4.pdf | url-status=live }}</ref>

In March 1994 CDE became the responsibility of the "new OSF", a merger of the [[Open Software Foundation]] and [[Unix International]];<ref>{{cite press release
 |publisher = AT&T Global Information Systems, Digital Equipment Corporation, Hewlett-Packard Company, IBM Corporation, SunSoft Incorporated, et al.
 |date = March 23, 1994
 |url = https://groups.google.com/group/comp.unix.osf.misc/msg/4ebc895ff10823f1
 |title = Leading Vendors Unify to Accelerate Open Systems
 |access-date = May 15, 2008
 |archive-date = March 13, 2007
 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070313005228/http://groups.google.com/group/comp.unix.osf.misc/msg/4ebc895ff10823f1
 |url-status = live
 }}</ref>
in September 1995, the merger of Motif and CDE into a single project, CDE/Motif, was announced.<ref>{{cite press release
 |publisher = Open Software Foundation
 |date = September 7, 1995
 |url = https://groups.google.com/group/cu.motif-talk/msg/9935c0cb91e254fd
 |title = OSF Announces Formal Launch of CDE/Motif Project
 |access-date = May 15, 2008
 |archive-date = February 18, 2012
 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120218131945/http://groups.google.com/group/cu.motif-talk/msg/9935c0cb91e254fd
 |url-status = live
 }}</ref> OSF became part of the newly formed [[Open Group]] in 1996.<ref>{{cite press release
 |url = http://www.rdg.opengroup.org/public/news/feb96/merge.htm
 |title = X/Open and OSF Join to Create The Open Group
 |access-date = May 16, 2008
 |date = February 14, 1996
 |publisher = [[X/Open]] Company Ltd. [[Open Software Foundation]]
 |url-status = dead
 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080724204142/http://www.rdg.opengroup.org/public/news/feb96/merge.htm
 |archive-date = July 24, 2008
 }}</ref>

In February 1997, the Open Group released their last major version of CDE, version 2.1.<ref>TOG Press Release: [http://www.opengroup.org/desktop/Press_Releases/cde2.1ga.htm The Open Group Announces Common Desktop Environment 2.1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054210/http://www.opengroup.org/desktop/Press_Releases/cde2.1ga.htm |date=March 4, 2016 }}</ref>

[[Red Hat Linux]] was the only Linux distribution that proprietary CDE was ported to. In 1997, Red Hat began offering a version of CDE licensed from [[TriTeal Corporation]]. In 1998, [[Xi Graphics]], a company specializing in the X Windowing System, offered a version of CDE bundled with Red Hat Linux, called ''Xi Graphics maXimum cde/OS''. These were phased out, and Red Hat moved to the [[GNOME]] desktop.

Until about 2000, users of Unix desktops regarded CDE as the ''[[de facto]]'' standard, but at that time, other desktop environments such as GNOME and [[K Desktop Environment 2]] were quickly becoming mature, and became widespread on [[Linux]] systems.

In 2001, [[Sun Microsystems]] announced that they would phase out CDE as the standard desktop environment in [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]] in favor of GNOME. Solaris 10, released in early 2005, includes both CDE and the GNOME-based [[Java Desktop System]]. The [[OpenSolaris]] project, begun around the same time, did not include CDE, and had no intent to make Solaris CDE available as open-source.<ref>{{cite web
 |url = http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Main/conslist
 |title = Consolidations|date= October 26, 2009
 |access-date = April 19, 2015
 |work = OpenSolaris Web site
 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120729120326/http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Main/conslist
 |archive-date = July 29, 2012
}}</ref> The original release of Solaris 11 in November 2011 only contained GNOME as standard desktop, though some CDE libraries, such as Motif and ToolTalk, remained for binary compatibility but Oracle Solaris 11.4, released in August 2018, removed support for the CDE runtime environment and background services.<ref>{{cite web
  |url = https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/systems/end-of-notices/eonsolaris11-392732.html#11.4
  |title = End of Features (EOF) for Oracle Solaris 11.4
  |access-date = 2018-11-23
  |work = Oracle Technology Network
  |archive-date = November 24, 2018
  |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181124060740/https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/systems/end-of-notices/eonsolaris11-392732.html#11.4
  |url-status = live
  }}</ref>

=== Systems that provided proprietary CDE ===
* [[IBM AIX]]
* [[Digital UNIX]]
* [[HP-UX]]: from version 10.10, released in 1996.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.unixguide.net/hp/faq/3.3.shtml|title=HP-UX, FAQ: What is the release history of HP-UX?|website=unixguide.net|access-date=February 8, 2012|archive-date=March 21, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321214703/http://unixguide.net/hp/faq/3.3.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[IRIX]]: for a short time CDE was an alternative to [[IRIX Interactive Desktop]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?coll=0650&db=relnotes&fname=%2Fusr%2Frelnotes%2Fcde |title=IRIX 6.5 Release Notes for CDE |access-date=July 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119183005/http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?coll=0650&db=relnotes&fname=%2Fusr%2Frelnotes%2Fcde |archive-date=January 19, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[OpenVMS]]: available in OpenVMS Alpha V7.1 and onwards,<ref name="vaxmacro-release">{{cite web|url= http://www.vaxmacro.de/vvo.html|title= (Open)VMS(/ VAX), Version overview|access-date= October 20, 2020|archive-date= October 22, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201022122158/http://www.vaxmacro.de/vvo.html|url-status= live}}</ref> referred to as the "DECWindows Motif New Desktop"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://h30266.www3.hpe.com/odl/vax/office/dwmot126/vmsdw126/GettingStarted/getting_started.html|title=Getting Started With the New Desktop|access-date=October 20, 2020|archive-date=December 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204205549/http://h30266.www3.hpe.com/odl/vax/office/dwmot126/vmsdw126/GettingStarted/getting_started.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]]: available starting with 2.3, standard in 2.6 to 10.
* [[Tru64 UNIX]]
* [[UnixWare]]
* [[UXP/DS]]
* [[Red Hat Linux]]: Two versions ported by Triteal<ref>{{cite magazine|title=It's Here! Red Hat's TriTeal CDE, Full-Featured Unix Desktop For Linux|url=http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1210662|magazine=EE Times|access-date=October 30, 2015|archive-date=May 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180525132648/https://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1210662|url-status=live}}</ref> and Xi Graphics<ref>{{cite web|title=DeXtop(TM) CDE Makes Big Splash in Linux Industry; Xi Graphics Inc. Releases Standardized GUI for Linux|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/dextoptm-cde-makes-big-splash-in-linux-industry-xi-graphics-inc-releases-standardized-gui-for-linux-72233677.html|publisher=PRNewswire|access-date=October 30, 2015|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054255/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/dextoptm-cde-makes-big-splash-in-linux-industry-xi-graphics-inc-releases-standardized-gui-for-linux-72233677.html|url-status=live}}</ref>