Editing Common murre (section)

==Taxonomy==
The common murre was [[species description|formally described]] and illustrated in 1763 by the Danish bishop [[Erik Pontoppidan]] under the [[binomial name]] ''Colymbus aalge''.<ref>{{ cite book | last=Pontoppidan | first=Erik | author-link=Erik Pontoppidan | date=1763 | title=Den Danske Atlas eller Konge-Riget Dannemark | volume=1 |  language=Danish | location=København [Copenhagen] | publisher=Printed by A.H. Godiche | page=[https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN391287532?tify=%7B%22pages%22%3A%5B725%5D%2C%22view%22%3A%22info%22%7D 621], [https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN391287532?tify=%7B%22pages%22%3A%5B719%5D%2C%22view%22%3A%22info%22%7D Plate 26] }}</ref> The [[type locality (biology)|type locality]] is [[Iceland]].<ref>{{ cite book | editor-last=Peters | editor-first=James Lee | editor-link=James L. Peters | year=1934 | title=Check-List of Birds of the World | volume=2 | publisher=Harvard University Press | location=Cambridge, Massachusetts  | page=352 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14483165 }}</ref> The species is now placed together with the [[thick-billed murre]] in the [[genus]] ''[[Uria]]'' that was described in 1760 by the French zoologist [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson]].<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela C. Rasmussen | date=December 2023 | title=Noddies, gulls, terns, skimmers, skuas, auks | work=IOC World Bird List Version 14.1 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/gulls/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=16 July 2024 }}</ref> The genus name is from [[Ancient Greek]] ''ouria'', a waterbird mentioned by [[Athenaeus]]. The specific epithet ''aalge'' is an old [[Danish language|Danish]] word for an auk.<ref>{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages=[https://archive.org/stream/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling#page/n229/mode/1up 229], [https://archive.org/stream/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling#page/n29/mode/1up 29]}}</ref>

The auks are a family of [[seabird]]s related to the [[gull]]s and [[tern]]s which contains several genera. The common murre is placed in the [[guillemot]] (murre) genus ''Uria'' ([[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]], 1760), which it shares with the [[thick-billed murre]] or Brunnich's guillemot, ''U. lomvia''. These species, together with the [[razorbill]], [[little auk]] and the [[extinct]] [[great auk]] make up the [[tribe (biology)|tribe]] Alcini. This arrangement was originally based on analyses of auk [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[ecology]].<ref name = strauch1985>Strauch (1985)</ref>

The official common name for this species is Common Murre according to the IOC World Bird List, Version 11.2.<ref name=ioc/> while Common Guillemot is used in the UK,<ref>{{cite journal|author=British Ornithologists' Union|year=2013|title=The British List|url=http://www.bou.org.uk/british-list/|journal=Ibis|volume=155|pages=635–676|doi=10.1111/ibi.12069|doi-access=free}}</ref> Ireland,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.irbc.ie/topbar/IrishList/IRBC_IrishList(31122018).pdf |title=Irish List covering the whole of Ireland on 31st Dec 2019 |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=31 December 2019 |publisher=Irish Rare Birds Committee |access-date=15 August 2024}}</ref> and often elsewhere in Europe where English is used as a second language.<ref>see e.g. the English name column of the Finnish Bird List {{cite web |title=Suomessa havaitut luonnonvaraiset linnut |url=https://www.birdlife.fi/lintutieto/suomessa-havaitut-lintulajit/luonnonvaraiset/ |website=Yhdessä lintujen puolesta |publisher=BirdLife Suomi Finland |access-date=2024-08-15}}</ref>

Five [[subspecies]] are now recognised:<ref name=ioc/>
* ''U. a. aalge'' ([[Erik Pontoppidan|Pontoppidan]], 1763) – coastal southeast Canada, southwest Greenland, Iceland, [[Faroe Islands]], Scotland, south Norway and Baltic Sea. Includes ''intermedia'' and ''spiloptera''.<ref>{{ cite book | editor1-last=Dickinson | editor1-first=E.C. | editor1-link=Edward C. Dickinson | editor2-last=Remsen | editor2-first=J.V. Jr. | editor2-link=James Van Remsen Jr. | year=2013 | title=The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World | volume=1: Non-passerines | edition=4th | location=Eastbourne, UK | publisher=Aves Press | isbn=978-0-9568611-0-8 | page=223, Note 4 | url=https://archive.org/details/howardmoorecompl0001howa/page/223/mode/1up | url-access=registration }}</ref>
* ''U. a. hyperborea'' [[Finn Salomonsen|Salomonsen]], 1932 – coastal north Norway to [[Svalbard]] and [[Novaya Zemlya]] (northwest Russia)
* ''U. a. albionis'' [[Harry Forbes Witherby|Witherby]], 1923 – coastal British Isles, [[Heligoland]] (north of Germany), northwest France and west [[Iberian Peninsula]]
* ''U. a. inornata'' Salomonsen, 1932 – coastal [[Kamchatka Peninsula]], [[Sakhalin]], Kuril and [[Commander Islands]] (east Russia), south [[Kuril Islands]] (north Japan), [[Teuri Island]] (northwest of [[Hokkaido]]; formerly also [[Hokkaido]]; north Japan); [[Aleutian Islands]] and [[Bering Sea]] islands to west Alaska and southwest Canada
* ''U. a. californica'' ([[Henry Bryant (naturalist)|Bryant, H]], 1861) – coastal north Washington to south California (east North Pacific)