Editing Consort kin (section)

== Historical examples ==

=== China ===
==== Zhou dynasty====
*The [[Marquess of Shen (King Ping's grandfather)|Marquess of Shen]] – father of the queen of [[King You of Zhou]], whose participation in a [[war of succession|succession struggle]] after the king's attempt to depose [[King Ping of Zhou|his grandson]] in favor of consort [[Bao Si]]'s son [[Bofu]] led to the fall of the [[Western Zhou]] and beginning of the [[Spring and Autumn period]]<ref>{{cite journal
|first2=Yuri |last2=Pines
|author2-link=Yuri Pines 
|author1=Chen Minzhen (陳民鎮)
|pages=1–27
|title=Where is King Ping? The History and Historiography of the Zhou Dynasty's Eastward Relocation 
|journal=Asia Major
|year=2018
|volume=31
|issue=1
|publisher=Academica Sinica
|jstor=26571325
|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26571325
|access-date=2022-06-15
|ref={{harvid|Chen and Pines|2018}}
}}</ref>{{rp|10, 12}}

==== Han dynasty ====

*[[Lü Clan Disturbance|Lü Clan]] – relatives of the [[Empress Lü Zhi]], consort of [[Emperor Gaozu of Han]]<ref>{{ cite journal
| last = Hinsch | first = Bret
| title= The Criticism of Powerful Women by Western Han Dynasty Portent Experts
| year = 2006
| journal = Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient
| volume = 49 | number = 1 | pages = 96–121
| publisher = Brill
| doi = 10.1163/156852006776207251
| jstor = 25165130
}}</ref>{{rp|97}}
*[[Wei Qing]] – a younger paternal half-brother<!--same father but with different mothers--> of the Empress [[Wei Zifu]], consort of [[Emperor Wu of Han]], one of the major military leaders of [[Han–Xiongnu War|wars against the Xiongnu]]<ref name=BP61 /> 
*[[Huo Qubing]] – a nephew of Wei Qing and Wei Zifu, also an important general in the war between Han China and Xiongnu.<ref name=BP61>{{harvnb|Bennett Peterson|2000|p=61}}</ref>
*[[Huo Guang]] – a younger paternal half-brother of Huo Qubing, whose [[Empress Shangguan|granddaughter]] became the empress of [[Emperor Zhao of Han]], and [[Huo Chengjun|daughter]] became an empress of [[Emperor Xuan of Han]]. He played an extremely important political role in the eras of Emperor Zhao and Emperor Xuan, sometimes overshadowing the power of the emperors.<ref name=BP61 /> 
*[[Shangguan Jie]] – Paternal grandfather of Emperor Zhao's wife (Huo Guang was the maternal grandfather). He was involved in a power struggle with Huo Guang, and killed in 80 {{sc|bce}} after being accused of plotting a rebellion.
*[[Wang Mang]] – nephew of [[Wang Zhengjun|Empress Dowager Wang]], cousin of [[Emperor Cheng of Han]] and [[Xin dynasty|dynastic usurper]].<ref>{{ cite book 
| last=Bielenstein
| first = Hans
| author-link=Hans Bielenstein
| year = 1986
| chapter= Wang Mang, the Restoration of the Han Dynasty, and Later Han
| series= The Cambridge History of China
| title= Volume I: the Ch'in and Han Empires, 221 {{sc|B.C.}} – {{sc|A.D.}} 220
| pages = 223–290
| editor1 = Denis Twitchett
| editor2 = Michael Loewe
| editor2-link = Michael Loewe
| publisher= Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-24327-8
}}</ref>
*[[Ma Yuan (Han dynasty)|Ma Yuan]] – father of [[Empress Ma (Han dynasty)|Empress Ma]], consort of [[Emperor Ming of Han]], a major general of [[Emperor Guangwu of Han]] who led the expedition to [[Jiaozhi]] (today's northern Vietnam). However, Ma Yuan had passed away before Emperor Ming ascended the throne.
*[[Dou Xian]] – brother of [[Empress Dou (Zhang)|Empress Dowager Dou]] and brother-in-law of [[Emperor Zhang of Han]].
*[[Liang Ji]] – brother of [[Liang Na|Empress Dowager Liang]] and [[Liang Nüying|Empress Liang]], deposed two emperors and later killed in a [[coup d'etat]] plotted by eunuchs against him.
*[[Dou Wu]] –  father of [[Dou Miao|Empress Dowager Dou Miao]] and killed in his abortive [[coup d'etat]] against [[eunuch]]s.
*[[He Jin]] – brother of [[Empress He (Han dynasty)|Empress Dowager He]] and killed after his plot against eunuchs was exposed
*[[Dong Cheng (Han dynasty)|Dong Cheng]] – father of Consort Dong of [[Emperor Xian of Han]] and known for his abortive [[coup d'état]] with [[Liu Bei]] against [[Cao Cao]].
*[[Cao Cao]] — father of [[Empress Cao (Han dynasty)|Cao Jie]], consort of Emperor Xian.

==== Three Kingdoms ====

* [[Mi Fang]], a brother of [[Lady Mi]] (Mi Furen) served under [[Liu Bei]], the future Emperor Zhaolie of [[Shu Han]]. His betrayal of Liu Bei partially led to its loss of [[Jing Province]] and the death of general [[Guan Yu]].<ref>{{cite book
| title= [[Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms]]
| script-title= zh:三國志注
| author= Chen Shou | author-link= Chen Shou
| editor=Pei Songzhi | editor-link=Pei Songzhi
| year = 1977 | orig-year=429
| publisher= Dingwen Printing
| place=Taipei
| ref={{sfnref|Chen and Pei|429}}
| chapter=[[:s:zh:三國志/卷38#麋竺|38: 許麋孫簡伊秦傳]]
| pages = 969–970
}}</ref> However, in this case, Lady Mi likely died several decades before Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor. Mi Fang also defected from Liu Bei's army about a year before he became emperor. 

*[[Mi Zhu]], another brother of Lady Mi, also served under Liu Bei and (briefly) Shu Han.

* [[Wu Yi (Three Kingdoms)|Wu Yi]] was a general of Shu Han. He was the brother of [[Empress Wu (Zhaolie)|Empress Wu]] of Shu Han.

*[[Cao Pi]] deposed Emperor Xian of Han and declared himself emperor of [[Cao Wei]]. Two of Emperor Xian's daughters became consorts of Cao Pi, although it is unclear which one of them was emperor at the time this occurred. Cao Pi was himself the half-brother of Emperor Xian's consort Empress Cao.

*[[Lady Xie]]'s brother [[Xie Cheng]] and some of her other relatives held positions in the government of [[Eastern Wu]], although Lady Xie died long before her husband [[Sun Quan]] became emperor. Some of [[Lady Xu (wife of Sun Quan)|Lady Xu]]'s relatives were also officials but Lady Xu herself was both a blood relative and a concubine of Sun Quan.

*Eastern Wu official [[Bu Zhi]] was a relative of [[Bu Lianshi|Empress Bu]] and in-law of Sun Quan.
==== Jin dynasty (266–420) ====
*[[Yang Jun (3rd century)|Yang Jun]] – father-in-law of [[Emperor Wu of Jin China]]
*[[Yu Liang]] – brother of [[Yu Wenjun|Empress Dowager Yu]]
*[[Chu Pou]] – father of [[Chu Suanzi]]
'''Sixteen Kingdoms'''

* [[Jin Zhun]] – father of [[Liu Cong's later empresses|Jin Yueguang and Jin Yuehua]] and known for his violent coup d'etat against [[Liu Can]] of the [[Han-Zhao|Han-Zhao dynasty]].
* [[Cheng Xia]] – brother-in-law of [[Shi Le]] of the [[Later Zhao|Later Zhao dynasty]].
* [[Lan Han]] – father-in-law of [[Murong Sheng]] of the [[Later Yan|Later Yan dynasty]].

==== Northern and Southern dynasties ====
*[[Dugu Xin]], father of [[Empress Dugu (Northern Zhou)|Empress Dugu]], [[Dugu Qieluo|Empress Dugu Qieluo]] and [[Duchess Dugu|Lady Dugu]], respectively consorts of [[Emperor Ming of Northern Zhou]], [[Emperor Wen of Sui]] and [[Li Bing (Northern Zhou)|Li Bing]] (father of [[Emperor Gaozu of Tang]]). The only recorded consort kin of three imperial clans.
*[[Emperor Wen of Sui|Yang Jian]], father of Empress [[Yang Lihua]]. He later usurped the throne and founded the [[Sui dynasty]].

==== Tang dynasty ====
* [[Zhangsun Wuji]] — elder brother of [[Tang Taizong]]'s [[Empress Zhangsun|empress]]. He was one official entrusted by Taizong to assist the young [[Tang Gaozong]] in governing the state.{{sfnp|Bennett Peterson|2000|p=181}}
* [[Wu Chengsi]] and [[Wu Sansi]] — nephews of Empress [[Wu Zetian]]
* [[Yang Guozhong]] — cousin of [[Yang Guifei]], implicated in the [[An Lushan rebellion]]<ref>{{ cite book
| first = Denis | last = Twitchett
| year = 1979
| chapter= Hsüan-tsung (reign 712–56)
| editor = Denis Twitchett
| title= Volume 3, Sui and T'ang China, 589–906 {{sc|AD}}, Part 1
| series= The Cambridge History of China 
| pages = 333–463
| publisher= Cambridge University Press
| doi=10.1017/CHOL9780521214469.008
| isbn =  978-0521214469
}}</ref>{{rp|449}}

==== Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms ====
* [[Fu Yanqing]] — influential military leader of [[Later Zhou]], father of [[Empress Fu the Elder]] and [[Empress Dowager Fu (Later Zhou)|Empress Fu the Younger]], empresses consort of [[Chai Rong|Chai Rong (Emperor Shizong of Later Zhou)]], and [[Princess Fu (Song dynasty)|Princess Fu]], consort of then–prince Zhao Guangyi (later [[Emperor Taizong of Song]]).

==== Song dynasty ====
*[[Jia Sidao]] – younger brother of Consort Jia, a favourite of [[Emperor Lizong of Song|Emperor Lizong]]<ref>{{ Cite encyclopedia
| last = Murray | first = Lorraine
| display-authors = etal
| encyclopedia= Encyclopædia Britannica
| year = 2009
| access-date= 6 May 2023
| url = https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jia-Sidao
| publisher= britannica.com
| title= Jia Sidao
}}</ref>

==== Yuan dynasty ====
*[[Khongirad]] — the clan of [[Genghis Khan]]'s wife [[Börte]] and [[Kublai Khan]]'s wife [[Chabi]]

==== Qing dynasty ====
*[[Songgotu]] — the paternal uncle of [[Empress Xiaochengren]], [[Kangxi Emperor]]'s consort.

=== Ancient Japan ===
==== Asuka period ====
*{{Ill|Isobe clan|ja|磯部氏}}
*[[Ōmiwa clan]]
*[[Mononobe clan]]
*[[Owari clan]]
*[[Katsuragi clan]]
*[[Ōtomo clan]]
*[[Soga clan]] — consort kin in the reigns of [[Emperor Suiko]] and [[Emperor Sushun]]
**[[Soga no Umako]] and {{ill|Yamato no Aya no Koma|ja|東漢駒}} — assassinated [[Emperor Sushun]]

==== Heian period ====
{{hatnote|Further readings: {{ill|Sekkan system|ja|摂関政治}}, in which the [[Hokke (Fujiwara)]] clan occupied the posts of [[Sesshō and Kampaku]] as maternal relatives of the emperors}}
*[[Fujiwara clan]] — consort kin in the reigns of emperors [[Emperor Kanmu|Kanmu]], [[Emperor Saga|Saga]], [[Emperor Montoku|Montoku]], [[Emperor Seiwa|Seiwa]], [[Emperor Murakami|Murakami]], [[Emperor Reizei|Reizei]], [[Emperor En'yū|En'yū]], [[Emperor Ichijō|Ichijō]], [[Emperor Sanjō|Sanjō]], [[Emperor Go-Ichijō|Go-Ichijō]], [[Emperor Go-Suzaku|Go-Suzaku]], and [[Emperor Go-Reizei|Go-Reizei]]
**[[Fujiwara no Yoshifusa]] — father-in-law of [[Emperor Montoku]]
**[[Fujiwara no Kaneie]] — son-in-law of [[Emperor Murakami]], father-in-law of three emperors, maternal grandfather of two emperors<!--[[Emperor Sanjō]] being both his grandson and his son-in-law-->
**[[Fujiwara no Michinaga]] — father-in-law of four emperors
**[[Fujiwara no Yorimichi]] — married one granddaughter and one great-granddaughter of [[Emperor Murakami]], father-in-law of [[Emperor Go-Suzaku]] and [[Emperor Go-Reizei]]
*[[Taira clan]] — consort kin in the reigns of emperors [[Emperor Takakura|Takakura]] and [[Emperor Antoku|Antoku]]
**[[Taira no Kiyomori]] — father of [[Taira no Tokuko|Kenreimon'in]]

=== Ancient Korea ===
*{{Ill|Papyeong Yun clan|ko|파평 윤씨}} — during the reigns of Kings [[Jungjong of Joseon|Jungjong]], [[Injong of Joseon|Injong]], & [[Myeongjong of Joseon]]
*{{Ill|Hong Gyeongju|ko|홍경주}} — father of {{ill|Royal Noble Consort Huibin Hong|ko|희빈 홍씨}} of King [[Jungjong of Joseon]]
*[[Andong Kim clan]] — especially during the latter [[Joseon dynasty]]
*[[Pungyang Jo clan]]
*[[Yeoheung Min clan]] — there is a Korean saying that "Joseon was founded with a Yeoheung Min clan member ([[Queen Wongyeong]]'s family), and Joseon was destroyed by a Yeoheung Min clan member ([[Empress Myeongseong]]'s family)"

=== Ancient Vietnam ===
*[[Dương Tam Kha]] — [[Ngô Quyền]]'s brother-in-law
*[[Lý Công Uẩn]] — [[Lê Hoàn]]'s son-in-law
*[[Trần dynasty|Trần family]] — [[Lý Chiêu Hoàng]]'s spousal family
*[[Hồ Quý Ly]] — maternal grandfather of [[Trần Thiếu Đế]]
*[[Mạc Đăng Dung]] — had his adopted daughter marry [[Lê Chiêu Tông]]<!--ĐVSKTT, p.831-832-->
*[[Trịnh lords]] — consort kin of several [[Lê dynasty|Lê emperors]]
<!--[[Tô Hiến Thành]], [[Trần Quốc Tảng]], [[Lê Sát]], [[Lê Ngân]], [[Ngô Từ]], [[Vũ Xuân Cẩn]]-->