Editing Control engineering (section)

==Overview==
Modern day control engineering is a relatively new field of study that gained significant attention during the 20th century with the advancement of technology. It can be broadly defined or classified as practical application of [[control theory]]. Control engineering plays an essential role in a wide range of control systems, from simple household washing machines to high-performance [[fighter aircraft]]. It seeks to understand physical systems, using mathematical modelling, in terms of inputs, outputs and various components with different behaviors; to use control system design tools to develop [[Controller (control theory)|controller]]s for those systems; and to implement controllers in physical systems employing available technology. A [[control system|system]] can be [[mechanical engineering|mechanical]], [[electrical engineering|electrical]], [[fluid]], [[chemical]], [[financial control|financial]] or [[biology|biological]], and its mathematical modelling, analysis and controller design uses [[control theory]] in one or many of the [[Time domain|time]], [[frequency domain|frequency]] and [[S domain|complex-s]] domains, depending on the nature of the design problem.

Control engineering is the engineering [[discipline]] that focuses on the [[mathematical model|modeling]] of a diverse range of [[dynamic systems]] (e.g. [[mechanics|mechanical]] [[system]]s) and the design of [[controller (control theory)|controller]]s that will cause these systems to behave in the desired manner.<ref name="Keviczky_2019">{{Cite book |last=Keviczky |first=László |title=Control engineering |last2=Bars |first2=Ruth |last3=Hetthéssy |first3=Jenő |last4=Bányász |first4=Csilla |date=2019 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-981-13-4114-4 |series=Advanced textbooks in control and signal processing |location=Singapore}}</ref>{{rp|6}} Although such controllers need not be electrical, many are and hence control engineering is often viewed as a subfield of electrical engineering.

[[Electrical circuit]]s, [[digital signal processor]]s and [[microcontroller]]s can all be used to implement [[control system]]s. Control engineering has a wide range of applications from the flight and propulsion systems of [[Airliner|commercial airliners]] to the [[cruise control]] present in many modern [[automobile]]s.

In most cases, control engineers utilize [[feedback]] when designing [[control system]]s. This is often accomplished using a  [[proportional–integral–derivative controller]] '''('''PID controller) system. For example, in an [[automobile]] with [[cruise control]] the vehicle's [[speed]] is continuously monitored and fed back to the system, which adjusts the [[Internal combustion engine|motor's]] [[torque]] accordingly. Where there is regular feedback, [[control theory]] can be used to determine how the system responds to such feedback. In practically all such systems [[stability theory|stability]] is important and control theory can help ensure stability is achieved.

Although feedback is an important aspect of control engineering, control engineers may also work on the control of systems without feedback. This is known as [[open loop control]]. A classic example of [[open loop control]] is a [[washing machine]] that runs through a pre-determined cycle without the use of [[sensor]]s.