Editing Cosworth (section)

==Corporate history==
{{More citations needed section|date=July 2017}}
The company was founded as a British racing [[internal combustion engine]] maker in 1958 by [[Mike Costin]] and [[Keith Duckworth]]. Its company name, "Cosworth", was derived as a [[portmanteau]] of the surnames of its two founders (Costin and Duckworth).

Both of the co-founders were former employees of [[Team Lotus|Lotus Engineering Ltd.]], and Cosworth initially maintained a strong relationship with Lotus's [[Colin Chapman]]; initial revenues of the company came almost exclusively from [[Lotus Cars|Lotus]]. When the company was founded in 1958, Duckworth left Lotus, leaving Costin (who had signed a term-[[employment contract]] with Chapman) at the company. Until 1962, Costin worked on Cosworth projects in his private time, while being active as a key Lotus engineer on the development of [[Lotus 15]] through [[Lotus Elan|26]] (Elan), as well as leading the Team Lotus contingent at foreign races, as evidenced by the [[Lotus 23#Banned from Le Mans|1962 Le Mans Lotus scandal]].

[[File:Lotus 20 engine detail.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Cosworth Mk.IV on 1962 [[Lotus 20]]]]
[[File:Lotus 59 engine.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Cosworth Mk.XIII on [[Lotus 59]]]]

Initial series production engines ([[#Mk.II|Mk.II]], [[#Mk.V|Mk.V]], [[#Mk.VIII|Mk.VIII]], and [[#Mk.XIV|Mk.XIV]]) were sold to Lotus exclusively, and many of the other racing engines up to Mk.XII were delivered to Team Lotus. The success of [[Formula Junior]] engines ([[#Mk.III|Mk.III]], [[#Mk.IV|IV]], [[#Mk.XI|XI]], and [[#Mk.XVII|XVII]]) started bringing in non-Lotus revenues, and the establishment of [[Formula Atlantic|Formula B]] by the [[Sports Car Club of America]] (SCCA) allowed the financial foundation of Cosworth to be secured by the increased sales of [[#Mk.XIII|Mk.XIII]], a pure racing engine based on [[Lotus-Ford Twin Cam|Lotus TwinCam]], through its domination of the class. This newly found security enabled the company to distance itself from the [[Lotus Seven|Lotus Mk.VII]] and Elan optional road engine assembly business, and allowed its resources to be concentrated on racing engine development.

The first Cosworth-designed [[cylinder head]] was for [[#The SCA series|SCA series]]; with a [[overhead camshaft#Single overhead camshaft|single overhead camshaft]] (SOHC) [[Reverse-flow cylinder head|reverse-flow]] configuration, similar to the [[Coventry Climax#FW|Coventry Climax FWE]] engine. A real success was achieved with the next gear-driven [[overhead camshaft#Double overhead camshaft|double overhead camshaft]] (DOHC) four-valve [[#The FVA series|FVA]] in 1966, when Cosworth, with a help from Chapman, convinced [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] to purchase the rights to the design, and sign a development contract, including an eight-cylinder version. This resulted in the [[Cosworth DFV|DFV]], which dominated [[Formula One]] for many years.

From this time on, Cosworth was supported by Ford for many years, and many of the Cosworth designs were owned by Ford and named as Ford engines under similar contracts.
Cosworth then went through a number of ownership changes. After Duckworth decided he did not want to be involved with the day-to-day business of running a growing company, he sold his stake to United Engineering Industries (UEI) in 1980, retaining his life presidency and day-to-day technical involvement with Cosworth, and becoming a UEI board director; UEI was a group of small- to medium-sized technology companies, which was taken over by [[Carlton Communications]] in 1988. Carlton was primarily interested in some of the audio-visual companies in the UEI portfolio, and Cosworth was a poor fit with these; a new buyer for the company in the engineering/automotive sector was sought, and the traditional engineering company [[Vickers plc]] bought Cosworth in 1990.<ref>{{cite news| title=VICKERS TALKS TO FORD ABOUT COSWORTH | publisher=Automotive News Europe | date=11 May 1998| url=https://europe.autonews.com/article/19980511/ANE/805110867/vickers-talks-to-ford-about-cosworth }}</ref>

In September 1998, Vickers sold Cosworth to [[Audi]]. Audi kept the engineering, manufacturing and casting unit, which it called Cosworth Technology, and sold the race engine division, Cosworth Racing, and its electronics division, [[Pi Research]], to Ford.<ref name=Cosworth.com/> In December 2004, Audi announced that it had sold Cosworth Technology to [[Mahle GmbH]];<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.autonews.com/article/20041223/REG/412230707/audi-sells-cosworth-engine-group-to-mahle|title=Audi sells Cosworth engine group to Mahle|date=23 December 2004|website=Automotive News}}</ref> the company was renamed as [[MAHLE Powertrain]] on 1 July 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mahle-powertrain.com/C1257126002DFC22/CurrentBaseLink/W26MVMGJ363MARSEN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071102123229/http://www.mahle-powertrain.com/C1257126002DFC22/CurrentBaseLink/W26MVMGJ363MARSEN|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 November 2007|title=MAHLE &#124; 2000|website=Mahle-Powertrain.com|publisher=[[Mahle Powertrain]]|date=1 July 2005|access-date=12 July 2010}}</ref>

On 15 November 2004 Ford sold Cosworth Racing to [[Champ Car]] World Series owners [[Gerald Forsythe]] and [[Kevin Kalkhoven]]. In December 2004, Ford also sold Pi Research to Kalkhoven and Forsythe, creating the Cosworth Group.<ref name=Cosworth.com/>

Since 2006, Cosworth has diversified to provide engineering consultancy, high performance electronics, and component manufacture services outside of its classic motorsport customer base. On 25 February 2008, Cosworth was awarded a $5.4&nbsp;million contract by the [[United States Navy]] to develop a heavy fuel engine for their [[Boeing Insitu RQ-21 Blackjack|RQ-21A Blackjack]] [[unmanned aerial vehicle]] (UAV).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://govtribe.com/award/federal-contract-award/definitive-contract-n6893608c0003 |title=Definitive Contract N6893608C0003 |website=govtribe.com}} Award Date 25 February 2008; Potential Completion Date 15 November 2011.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/us-navy-commissions-cosworth-for-heavy-fuel-uav-engine-development/79130.article |title=US Navy commissions Cosworth for heavy fuel UAV engine development |first=Rob |last=Coppinger |date=7 March 2008 |access-date=15 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.defenseworld.net/news/14077/Boeing_Subsidiary_Insitu_To_Fit_Cosworth_AG_Engine_On_US_Navy_s_RQ_21_UAV#.YAFNquhKhPY |title=Boeing Subsidiary Insitu To Fit Cosworth AG Engine On US Navy's RQ-21 UAV |website= defenseworld.net |date= 16 September 2015 |access-date=15 January 2021}}</ref>

Cosworth then established an engineering partnership with [[Aston Martin]] on one of the world's most powerful [[hybrid electric]] road car engines for the [[Aston Martin Valkyrie]]. Their [[Naturally aspirated engine|naturally-aspirated]] 6.5-litre [[V12 engine]] develops {{convert|1,000|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}} at 10,500 rpm, and 740 N⋅m (546 lbf⋅ft) of torque at 7,000 rpm, claiming a new standard for maximum rpm and weight<ref>{{cite web |url=https://media.astonmartin.com/aston-martin-valkyrie-the-ultimate-hybrid-powertrain-for-the-ultimate-hypercar/ |title=Aston Martin Valkyrie - The Ultimate Hybrid Powertrain for The Ultimate Hypercar |publisher=Aston Martin|date=1 March 2019 |access-date=15 January 2021}}</ref>
Cosworth supplied its last premier class racing engines to one F1 team in 2013, the [[Marussia F1|Marussia F1 Team]].<ref name="Cosworth.com/sport/f1">{{cite web |url=http://www.cosworth.com/sport/f1/the-teams/ |title=F1 Teams |website=cosworth.com |publisher=Cosworth |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907153224/http://www.cosworth.com/sport/f1/the-teams/ |archive-date=7 September 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref>