Editing Cruller (section)

== History ==
[[File:klenater.jpg|thumb|left|A handmade Danish ''[[klejner|klejne]]'', a traditional cruller shape, rectangular with two twisted sides]]

The name ''cruller'' comes from the early 19th-century Dutch {{lang|nl|kruller}}, from {{lang|nl|krullen}} 'to curl'. In northern Germany they are known as {{lang|de|hirschhörner}} ('deer horns'). In Scandinavia, these types of crullers are common at Christmas.  They are traditionally baked on [[New Year's Eve]] as a family project, with the children doing the labor-intensive shaping and the grown-ups handling the [[deep frying]].{{citation needed|date=October 2016}} In Danish they are known as ''[[klejner]]'' and in Swedish as ''klenäter'', both names deriving from [[Low German]]. 

In the United States, crullers were introduced in the late 18th and early 19th centuries by [[Pennsylvania Dutch]] settlers, and became popular in regions with large German populations.<ref name="Midwestern Crullers">{{cite web|url=http://www.gojefferson.com/banner/opinion/foust/cruller/index.html|author=John Foust|title=Midwestern Crullers|work=www.gojefferson.com|access-date=24 June 2017}}</ref> The [[Milwaukee]]-style cruller, for example, is a loaf-shaped [[Glaze (cooking)|glazed]] cake doughnut with a crunchy exterior.<ref name="where" /><ref name="wuwm">{{cite news |last1=Nowakowski |first1=Audrey |title=Cruller Or Kruller? However You Spell It, It's A Milwaukee Doughnut Staple |url=https://www.wuwm.com/arts-culture/2019-02-22/cruller-or-kruller-however-you-spell-it-its-a-milwaukee-doughnut-staple |access-date=11 December 2024 |work=WUWM 89.7 FM - Milwaukee's NPR |date=22 February 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

The term "Chinese cruller" is occasionally applied to the [[youtiao]] ({{zh|s=油条}}), a similar-looking fried dough food eaten in East and Southeast Asia.<ref name="Midwestern Crullers"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thespruce.com/traditional-chinese-breakfast-694158|title=If You Want a New Breakfast Idea, Then Go Chinese!|publisher=The Spruce|author=Rhonda Parkinson|date=May 3, 2017|access-date=24 June 2017}}</ref> The term cruller is also associated with the mahua ({{zh|s=麻花}}),<ref>"crullers". Youdao dictionary. Accessed August 1, 2013.</ref> a type of twisted fried dough much denser and sweeter than youtiao.

The "Aberdeen crulla" is a traditional Scottish pastry made in the same way as the rectangular, plaited cruller of New England.<ref>F. Marian McNiell, "The Scots Kitchen",</ref> It is first attested in [[Edinburgh]] in 1829 and is thought to copied from the 'cruller' of the United States according to the Scottish National Dictionary (1931–1976).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/crulla |title=Crulla ''n.'' |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2004 |website=Dictionary of the Scots Language – Dictionar o the Scots Leid |publisher=Scottish Language Dictionaries Ltd. |access-date=15 November 2018}}</ref> Distinct from this, the "yum-yum" is a commonly available treat in the United Kingdom, which resembles a straightened French cruller coated in thin glacé icing.{{clear}}