Editing Cryptographic protocol (section)

== Advanced cryptographic protocols ==
A wide variety of cryptographic protocols go beyond the traditional goals of data confidentiality, integrity, and authentication to also secure a variety of other desired characteristics of computer-mediated collaboration.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://berry.win.tue.nl/CryptographicProtocols/LectureNotes.pdf|title=Lecture Notes Cryptographic Protocols|author=Berry Schoenmakers}}</ref> [[Blind signature]]s can be used for [[ecash|digital cash]] and [[digital credential]]s to prove that a person holds an attribute or right without revealing that person's identity or the identities of parties that person transacted with.  [[Trusted timestamping|Secure digital timestamping]] can be used to prove that data (even if confidential) existed at a certain time.  [[Secure multiparty computation]] can be used to compute answers (such as determining the highest bid in an auction) based on confidential data (such as private bids), so that when the protocol is complete the participants know only their own input and the answer. [[End-to-end auditable voting systems]] provide sets of desirable privacy and auditability properties for conducting [[e-voting]].  [[Undeniable signature]]s include interactive protocols that allow the signer to prove a forgery and limit who can verify the signature.  [[Deniable encryption]] augments standard encryption by making it impossible for an attacker to mathematically prove the existence of a plain text message. [[Anonymous re-mailer|Digital mixes]] create hard-to-trace communications.