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Cutout animation
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== Short films == * [[Edwin S. Porter]] used "jumble captions" in ''[[How Jones Lost His Roll]]'', ''[[The Whole Dam Family and the Dam Dog]]'', and ''Everybody Works But Father'' (all 1905). ''The Whole Dam Family'' also includes an animated silhouette of a dog with firecrackers attached to its tail.<ref name="Style">{{cite book |last1=Salt |first1=Barry |title=Film Style and Technology: History and Analysis |date=1992 |publisher=Starword |page=48 |isbn=978-0-9509066-2-1 |url=https://archive.org/details/filmstyletechnol0000salt/page/48/mode/2up |access-date=1 February 2024}}</ref> * [[Lotte Reiniger]] made animated silhouette sequences for ''Die Schöne Prinzessin von China'' (1917), ''Apokalypse'' (1918. lost) and ''Der Verlorene Schatten'' (1920)<ref name = wfp>{{Cite web|title=Lotte Reiniger – Women Film Pioneers Project|url=https://wfpp.columbia.edu/pioneer/lotte-reiniger/|access-date=2020-12-31|website=wfpp.columbia.edu}}</ref> * Reiniger created her own short silhouette films ''Das Ornament des Verliebten Herzens'' (1919), ''Amor und das Standhafte Liebespaar'' (1920), ''Der Fliegende Koffer'' (1921), ''Der Stern von Bethlehem'' (1921), ''Aschenputtel'' (1922), ''Das Geheimnis der Marquise'' (1922, advertisement for Nivea), ''Dornröschen'' (1922) and ''Barcarole'' (1924, advertisement for Mauxion), before creating her first feature. After ''Die Abenteuer des Prinzen Achmed'' she continued to make dozens of shorts. From 1938 to 1982 she worked and lived in the United Kingdom.<ref name = wfp/> *[[Noburo Ofuji]] worked primarily with cutout animation, for instance using ''chiyogami'' ([[Japan]]ese colored paper) in ''馬具田城の盗賊'' (Burglars of "Baghdad" Castle) (1926).<ref>{{cite web|author=Armen Boudjikanian|title=Early Japanese Animation: As Innovative as Contemporary Anime|publisher=Frames Per Second Magazine|url=http://www.fpsmagazine.com/blog/2008/02/early-japanese-animation-as-innovative.php|date=February 26, 2008|access-date=2008-05-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928042511/http://www.fpsmagazine.com/blog/2008/02/early-japanese-animation-as-innovative.php|archive-date=September 28, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> *''Le merle'' (1958) by [[Norman McLaren]] is a combination of (white) cut-outs and (pastel) backgrounds to the music of the French folksong "Mon Merle".<ref name="La Merle">{{cite web|url=http://www.nfb.ca/film/le_merle|title=Le merle|last=McLaren|first=Norman|year=1958|work=NFB.ca|publisher=National Film Board of Canada|access-date=2009-08-31}}</ref> *''[[The Little Island (film)|The Little Island]]'' (1958), by [[Richard Williams (animator)|Richard Williams]], a combination of both [[traditional animation]] and paper cut-out elements{{cn|date=October 2024}} * [[Famous Studios]]' [[Modern Madcaps]] episode ''Bouncing Benny'' (1960) used paper cutout characters by animators Place and Feuer to create shadow effects<ref>https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/paramount-cartoons-1960-1961/</ref> <!---* [[Yuri Norstein]] used cutout techniques in his famous animations---> *''[[How Death Came to Earth]]'' (1971), by [[Ishu Patel]]{{cn|date=October 2024}} *''Tabi'' (1973) and ''Shijin no Shôgai'' (1974), two cutout animations by [[Kihachirō Kawamoto]] (who was otherwise primarily a [[Puppet animation|puppet animator]]){{cn|date=October 2024}} *''[[The Miracle of Flight]]'', (1974)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMpXUd_kesA ''The Miracle of Flight''] on YouTube</ref> by [[Terry Gilliam]] * Before co-founding [[:cs:Art And Animation studio|Art And Animation Studio]] with her husband, Dagmar Doubková created several short cutout animations, such as ''Oparádivé Sally'' (1976) (broadcast in the US as ''About Dressy Sally'' on [[Nickelodeon]]'s ''[[Pinwheel (TV series)|Pinwheel]]'' and subject of a 5-year long lost media search on internetfora),<ref>{{Cite web|title=A 30-Year-Old Mystery Put to Rest: Holy Grail, "Clock Man", Has Been Found!|url=https://www.zackbanack.com/blog/clockman|access-date=2020-12-04|website=Zack Banack|language=en-US}}</ref> ''Perníkový dědek'' (Gingerbread Man) (1977) <ref>{{cite web | url=https://youtube.com/watch?v=bLxdozC3MCo | title=Perníkový dědek | Moderní animovaná pohádka | HD | website=[[YouTube]] | date=5 August 2022 }}</ref>,''Sbohem, Ofélie'' (Goodbye Ophelia) (1978), ''Královna Koloběžka první'' (Queen Scooter First) (1981), ''The Impossible Dream'' (1983) and ''Shakespeare 2000'' (1988) * ''[[The Spirit of Christmas (short films)|The Spirit of Christmas]]'' (1992-1995) by [[Trey Parker]] and [[Matt Stone]]
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